Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 17, Problem 12RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Definition of the following terminologies:
1. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) typing
2. Short tandem repeats
3. DNA profile
4. Ribozyme
5. Noncoding RNA (ribonucleic acid)
Introduction:
The DNA can be used for different diagnostic and investigational purposes. This involves the utilization of certain discrete regions of DNA that are unique in nature. These include the use of repetitive DNA sequences such as tandem repeats. Moreover, many RNA molecules fall into the category of noncoding RNA. These noncoding RNA molecules can perform certain regulatory and enzymatic functions in the form of ribozymes.
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A base change that has no discernible effect is called a____________________ mutation.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- Enzymes isolated from bacteria that cut DNA at specificsequences are called ____________________.arrow_forwardSequence changes in DNA are called ______________.arrow_forwardQuestion 1. Enzymes, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) macromolecules. Enzymes are not only speed up the reaction, but also are necessary for DNA repreduction. are important biological a) Compare the process of protein synthesis between eukaryote mRNA and viral RNA b) With the aid of a diagram, draw an adapter molecule that recognizes the codons of mRNA and explain its functions in DNA translation.arrow_forward
- If Adenine was added where Guanine should have been added, this would be an example of a ___________________ mutation.arrow_forward_____________ are the linear sequences of nucleotides in an organism’s genetic information.arrow_forwardA _____________________ is a multienzyme complex thatsynthesizes RNA primers during E. coli DNA replication.arrow_forward
- Expressed sequences of DNA are called ________________.arrow_forwardQUESTION NO. 1 Patients with the rare genetic disease xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) are very sensitive to light and are highly susceptible to skin cancers. The study of such patients has enhanced our knowledge of DNA repair because XP is caused by defective DNA repair nucleotide excision repair. (A variant, XP-V, is deficient in postreplication repair.) In nucleotide excision repair A. removal of the damaged bases occurs on only one strand of the DNA. B. only thymine dimers generated by UV light can be removed . C. the excision nuclease is an exonuclease. D. a single multifunctional enzyme carries out the repair process. E. only the damaged nucleotides are removed. QUESTION NO.2 Homologous recombination: A. occurs only between two segments from the same DNA molecule. B. requires that a specific DNA sequence be present. C. requires one of the duplexes undergoing recombination be nicked in both strands. D. involves a…arrow_forwardA _____________ is a multienzyme complex that synthesizes RNA primers in E. coli DNA replication.arrow_forward
- Question 45 When TRNAS and rRNAs have bases that H-bonds with other bases far apart from each other, the RNA molecules assume its secondary and tertiary structure. A) True B) Falsearrow_forwardThe purpose of mitosis in human cells is for the production of two diploid, _________________ cells.arrow_forwardQuestion 2. Ribosomes are cellular structures that are composed of protein and RNA; this structure is responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation between amino acids during a process known as translation. a) Many antibiotics that kill bacteria target translation. Why might this be an effective mechanism to kill bacteria? Why don't antibiotics also kill human (eukaryotic) ribosomes? b) The antibiotic Kasugamycin (KSG) destabilizes the P-site of the ribosome. Describe what parts of translation would be altered in the presence of this antibiotic. c) How does the following graph show the efficacy of translational knockdown with KSG? Met-Methionine C % of Met incorporation 100 80 60 40 20 0 + 0 2 4 6 8 KSG concentration (mg/ml) 10arrow_forward
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