Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 17, Problem 7Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The sequence of a complementary strand of given deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the sequence of a messengerribonucleicacid (mRNA), and the sequence of antisense RNA species from the given strand: 5’-GCATTCGAATTGCAGACTCCTGCAATTCGGCAAT-3’.
Introduction:
DNAisa double helix molecule. It contains information in two complementary strands. The information is transcribed only when one strand of DNA acts as a template strand for the synthesis of RNA molecules. This template strand is referred to as the anti-sense (noncoding) strand, and the non-transcribed strand is called as the sense (coding) strand.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- The code for a fully functional protein is actually coming from an mRNA transcript that has undergone post transcriptional processing which is essentially way too different from the original code in the DNA template. Given: Cytosine; a Protein with known amino acid sequence Requirement: Original DNA code (itemize the steps you would take to get to know the original DNA code of Cytosine in focus)arrow_forwardThe following double stranded segment of DNA is part of a protein coding gene. The segments in uppercase letters (ACTG) represent the exons. The segments in lowercase letters (acgt) represent introns. The lower strand is the template strand that is used by the RNA polymerase to make an RNA transcript. Draw or write-out a) the sequence of the primary transcript and b) the mature mRNA resulting from this stretch of DNA.arrow_forwardSeveral different nucleic acids are involved in the process of getting a protein produced from a gene. DNA contains the "genetic code" for the protein. DNA is double-stranded, but only one strand is transcribed into MRNA. The MRNA then goes into the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein with the help of TRNA. At each stage of the process, there is base complementarity (A pairs with T/U and C pairs with G) between the nucleic acids involved to ensure the integrity of the DNA blueprint for the protein being produced. Therefore, some of the four strands of nucleic acids involved will match (except U replaces T in RNA) and some will have base complementarity. Indicate whether there is matching (1) or base complementarity (2) between the following nucleic acids. DNA sense strand and MRNA DNA sense strand and tRNA DNA antisense strand and MRNA MRNA and TRNAarrow_forward
- The relaxation of base-paring rules between the TRNA and MRNA is termed as Answer:arrow_forwardAKS 5c1: The model below represents the process of protein synthesis. What is the best description for what occurs during process A and process B in the model? * AA A GA TIT TT G CITG GCITAG |A AMGAA MAQ IB phenyl- alanine leucine alanine glycine methionineH iysine Process A is showing transcription, which uses a DNA template to create an mRNA copy of the genetic code. Process B is showing translation, which uses the MRNA to create a polypeptide chain. Process A is showing translation, which uses a DNA template to create an MRNA copy of the genetic code. Process B is showing transcription, which uses the MRNA to create a nolynentide chain ATarrow_forwardBelow is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the above DNA strand is the template (antisense) strand and the DNA molecule is transcribed, what is the correct nucleotide sequence and direction of the RNA formed after transcription?arrow_forward
- You may wish to consult the genetic code above to answer the following question. A mutation has changed a portion of a protein coding gene that encodes a messenger RNA sequence. The original messenger RNA sequence is 5-AUGCCCAGAGCU-3' Which mutation is a nonsynonymous (missense) mutation that changes a single amino acid in the encoded protein? O 5-AUGCCCAGGGCC-3' O 5'-AUGCCCUGAGCU-3' O 5'-AUGCCCACAGCU-3 5'-AUGCCCCAGAGCU-3arrow_forwardBelow is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’1. If the above DNA strand is the coding (sense) strand and the DNA molecule is transcribed, what is the correct nucleotide sequence and direction of the RNA formed after transcription?arrow_forwardThe use of a DNA template to make a messenger RNA product molecule is a process referred to as: reverse transcription (using the RNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase enzyme) transcription (using the DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase enzyme) self-replication (using the DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase enzyme) translation (using the large and small ribosomal subunits) reverse translation (using the small and large ribosomal subunits)arrow_forward
- Refer to the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotide bases listed below, and the genetic code chart on the next page to answer the following questions. Partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides: A C C T T A A T G A A C T C T 42. What is the mRNA nucleotide sequence that would result from transcription of the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides? 43. What is the protein amino acid sequence resulting from translation of the mRNA sequence from the previous question? 44. In the gene sequence of DNA nucleotides, guanine (G) is mistakenly replaced by adenine (A) during DNA replication. What type of mutation would this be considered based on how it occurred? ________ a) spontaneous b) gametic c) mutagenic d) carcinogenic 45. Consider the mutation from the previous question. If it occurred within a skin cell of the body, what type of mutation would this also be considered based on where it occurred? ________ a) gametic b) germline c) heritable d) somaticarrow_forwardPolypeptides can be reversed back to RNA because of the enzyme transcriptase. The genetic material must be replicated with high fidelity and great speed. Eukaryotic mRNA is said to be polycistronic since they encode multiple polypeptide chains RNA-synthesis occurs inside the nucleus while protein synthesis in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic organisms. Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is falsearrow_forwardWrite the mRNA sequence (5′ to 3′) that would result from transcription of the DNA sequence. (Note: Ignore the colors)arrow_forward
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