Enzymes, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are important biological macromolecules. Enzymes are not only speed up the reaction, but also are necessary for DNA repraduction. a) Compare the process of protein synthesis between eukaryote mRNA and viral RNA b) With the aid of a diagram, draw an adapter molecule that recognizes the codons of mRNA and explain its functions in DNA translation.

Consider the following segment of a template strand of DNA: Part A -ATA AGC TTC GAC- What is the mRNA produced for the segment? -UAU-UCG-AAG-CUC- Part B Complete previous part(s) • Part C What is the mRNA if a mutation changes AGC to AAC? Part D Complete previous part(s) Part E What is the MRNA produced if G is inserted at the beginning of the DNA segment?

Helicases are crucial to many of the molecular biological processes we have learned about in this class. Briefly (2-3 sentences max), describe what a helicase does and give 2 examples of different processes (replication, repair, transcription, and translation) that helicases are involved in what it does in each process.   A) What does a helicase do?  B) Example 1  C) Example 2

→ A double-stranded DNA molecule with the sequence shown below produced a peptide. a) Label the start site +1, then point to the upstream region of this gene. b) Transcribe the gene into mRNA, labeling the polarities of each end of the RNA. c) Put a 5-methyl-G cap and a poly-A tail on your mRNA below. d) Translate the peptide-coding sequence using the genetic code and amino acid table in your packet. Label the amino-terminus and the carboxy-terminus of this peptide. 5'- ATG GAT GGG GCA ACC GTA GAC GTG TAG - 3' Coding Strand 3'-TAC CTA CCC CGT TGG CAT CTG CAC ATC -5' mRNA: Peptide:

Students are modeling MRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the MRNA strand being transcribed? The MRNA strand is complimentary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine. O The MRNA strand is complimentary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine. O The MRNA strand is an exact copy the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine. The MRNA strand is an exact copy the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine. a |理 2 Type here to search

Dehydration synthesis always results in the formation of which of the following? A.)Water B.)Amino acids C.)Proteins D.)Peptides

Identify the single most correct answer: a) The promoter specifies how efficient a mRNA binds to the ribosomes. Ob) An amino acid is represented by one and only one codon. Oc) Ribozymes are RNA molecules with enzymatic activities. d) Each tRNA contains a unique codon.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which prevent ions from moving across cell membranes. Normally there are channel proteins that allow passage of the ions, but in patients with one kind of CF these proteins seem odd. Closer examination shows that these proteins display the correct amino acid sequence. However, they fail to do their job. A) Given that the primary structure of the protein is correct, what can you infer about the DNA sequence for the gene coding this protein on this patient, is there a mutation? Explain. B) Why is the primary structure insufficient to guarantee the proper function of the protein?

Which of the following is true for the tRNA of eukaryote cells? tRNA is a) made of DNA and protein, b) the active site in carbohydrate synthesis, c) is a subunit that forms mRNA from the codon of DNA. d) found inside the endoplasmic reticulum, e) has the specific sequence of bases (anti codon) that interacts with the base sequence (codon) of mRNA.

You’re working in Marshall Nirenberg’s lab, trying to decipher the genetic code. You use several different synthetic repeating mRNAs in translation reactions and analyze the sequences of the polypeptides produced from each reaction. The results are summarized below. mRNA sequence used: ...CACACACACACACAC... Polypeptide produced: ...His-Thr-His-Thr-His-Thr ...mRNA sequence used: ...CCACCACCACCACCA...Polypeptide produced: ...Thr-Thr-Thr... and ...Pro-Pro-Pro... and ...His-His-His...mRNA sequence used: ...ACAACAACAACAACA...Polypeptide produced: ...Thr-Thr-Thr... and ...Asn-Asn-Asn... and ...Gln-Gln-Gln... Based on these results, write what amino acid each codon below corresponds to. If there is not enough information to narrow down to one amino acid, write all the possibilities.CAC: ___________________________ ACC: ___________________________ ACA: ___________________________ CAA: ___________________________ CCA: ___________________________ AAC: ___________________________