Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781319079451
Author: K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Neil E. Schore
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 8, Problem 49P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The reason Wurtz coupling method as not a useful synthetic method for two different alkyl groups should be suggested.
Concept introduction:Organometallic compounds are highly reactive towards haloalkanes in presence of electropositive metal. Wurtz coupling involves the two equivalents of
Limitation of this coupling method is that it can only be used in synthesis of symmetrical
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Alkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov
regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called
an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization.
Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism.
Arrow-pushing Instructions
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Hö:
H-O
-CH3
-CH3
H30*
QUESTION 7
Indicate whether the following species are electrophile or nucleophile
i)
ii)
iii)
H20
Cl2
NO2"
+
iv)
CH2=CH2
As we have seen in this chapter, carbon-carbon double bonds are electron-rich regions
that are attacked by electrophiles (e.g., HBr); they are not attacked by nucleophiles
(e.g, diethylamine).
electrophilic
addition
HBr +
Br
(a racemic mixture)
Et,NH +
No reaction
Diethylamine
(a nucleophile)
However, when the carbon-carbon double bond has a carbonyl group adjacent to it, the
double bond reacts readily with nucleophiles by nucleophilic addition
Chapter 8 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 8.1ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 8.2ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.4TIYCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.5ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.6ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 8.7ECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.8ECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.9ECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.10ECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.11E
Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 8.12ECh. 8.6 - Prob. 8.14TIYCh. 8.7 - Prob. 8.15ECh. 8.7 - Prob. 8.16ECh. 8.8 - Prob. 8.18TIYCh. 8.8 - Prob. 8.19ECh. 8.8 - Prob. 8.21TIYCh. 8 - Prob. 24PCh. 8 - Prob. 25PCh. 8 - Prob. 26PCh. 8 - Prob. 27PCh. 8 - Prob. 28PCh. 8 - Prob. 29PCh. 8 - Prob. 30PCh. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - Prob. 32PCh. 8 - Prob. 33PCh. 8 - Prob. 34PCh. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - Prob. 36PCh. 8 - Prob. 37PCh. 8 - Prob. 38PCh. 8 - Prob. 39PCh. 8 - Prob. 40PCh. 8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8 - Prob. 42PCh. 8 - Prob. 43PCh. 8 - Prob. 44PCh. 8 - Prob. 45PCh. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8 - Prob. 48PCh. 8 - Prob. 49PCh. 8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Prob. 52PCh. 8 - Prob. 53PCh. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - Prob. 59PCh. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Prob. 61PCh. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Prob. 63PCh. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - Prob. 66P
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