Introduction to Genetic Analysis
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781464109485
Author: Anthony J.F. Griffiths, Susan R. Wessler, Sean B. Carroll, John Doebley
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 2, Problem 73P
A.
Summary Introduction
To determine: The inheritance pattern in pedigree that red hair is caused by a dominant or a recessive allele of a gene inherited in a simple Mendelian manner.
Introduction: Proopiomelanocortin deficiency is a hereditary syndrome resulting in obesity, adrenal insufficiency, including red hair.
B.
Summary Introduction
To determine: Whether the red-hair allele is common or rare in the population as a whole.
Introduction: The MC1R gene is displayed in various cells and is accountable for more than hair color. MC1R represents a function in an inflammatory response, pain sensitivity, including the immune system.
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Provide a proof that a different phenotype can be produced from the same genotype. What are the possible causes for this different expression?
How can the different gene interactions be differentiated from each other and from the Mendelian inheritance?
raccoons may have wide, medium-sized, or narrow bands around their tails. They may also havethe habit of washing all, or some of their food, or do not wash their food at all.
a) assign genotypes to the phenotypes mentioned (see attached table)
b. What mode of inheritance would most likely be exhibited by these traits if crosses were made?
c. If two raccoons with medium-sized tail bands and have the habit of washing some of theirfoods will be crossed, what is the probability of having F1 raccoons with:
c.1 wide tail bands that won’t wash any of their food? c.2 the same genotype as the parent raccoons?
d. If a raccoon with a wide tail band that washes only some of its food is crossed with a raccoonwith a narrow tail band that doesn’t wash any food, what percentage of their offspring wouldbe medium-tailed and washes all its food? Show COMPLETE cross.
Q6. Guinea pigs, which were homozygous for long, black hair were crossed with ones which
were homozygous for short, white hair. All the F1 offspring had short, black hair.
(a) Using suitable symbols, draw a genetic diagram showing parents genotypes, to explain
this result in F1 offspring.
(b) Complete the Punnett square to show the results of interbreeding the F1 offspring.
Gametes
Chapter 2 Solutions
Introduction to Genetic Analysis
Ch. 2 - Prob. 1PCh. 2 - Prob. 2PCh. 2 - Prob. 3PCh. 2 - Prob. 4PCh. 2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2 - Prob. 7PCh. 2 - Prob. 8PCh. 2 - Prob. 9PCh. 2 - Prob. 10PCh. 2 - Prob. 11P
Ch. 2 - Prob. 12PCh. 2 - Prob. 13PCh. 2 - Prob. 14PCh. 2 - Prob. 15PCh. 2 - Prob. 16PCh. 2 - Prob. 17PCh. 2 - Prob. 18PCh. 2 - Prob. 19PCh. 2 - Prob. 20PCh. 2 - Prob. 21PCh. 2 - Prob. 22PCh. 2 - Prob. 23PCh. 2 - Prob. 24PCh. 2 - Prob. 25PCh. 2 - Prob. 26PCh. 2 - Prob. 27PCh. 2 - Prob. 28PCh. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - Prob. 32PCh. 2 - Prob. 33PCh. 2 - Prob. 34PCh. 2 - Prob. 35PCh. 2 - Prob. 36PCh. 2 - Prob. 37PCh. 2 - Prob. 38PCh. 2 - Prob. 39PCh. 2 - Prob. 40PCh. 2 - Prob. 41PCh. 2 - Prob. 42PCh. 2 - Prob. 43PCh. 2 - Prob. 44PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.1PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.2PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.3PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.4PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.5PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.6PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.7PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.8PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.9PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.10PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.11PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.12PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.13PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.14PCh. 2 - Prob. 44.15PCh. 2 - Prob. 45PCh. 2 - Prob. 47PCh. 2 - Prob. 48PCh. 2 - Prob. 49PCh. 2 - Prob. 50PCh. 2 - Prob. 51PCh. 2 - Prob. 52PCh. 2 - Prob. 53PCh. 2 - Prob. 56PCh. 2 - Prob. 57PCh. 2 - Prob. 58PCh. 2 - Prob. 59PCh. 2 - Prob. 60PCh. 2 - Prob. 61PCh. 2 - Prob. 62PCh. 2 - Prob. 63PCh. 2 - Prob. 64PCh. 2 - Prob. 65PCh. 2 - Prob. 66PCh. 2 - Prob. 67PCh. 2 - Prob. 68PCh. 2 - Prob. 69PCh. 2 - Prob. 70PCh. 2 - Prob. 71PCh. 2 - Prob. 72PCh. 2 - Prob. 73PCh. 2 - Prob. 74PCh. 2 - Prob. 75PCh. 2 - Prob. 76PCh. 2 - Prob. 77PCh. 2 - Prob. 78PCh. 2 - Prob. 79P
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- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you want to know the results of the cancer, heart disease, and TSD tests if you were Sarah and Adam? Is it their responsibility as potential parents to gather this type of information before they decide to have a child?arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. If Sarah carries the mutant cancer allele and Adam carries the mutant heart disease allele, what is the chance that they would have a child who is free of both diseases? Are these good odds?arrow_forwardWithout referring to the notation used to write the genotypes, how are you able to tell that a gene is inherited by: a. complete dominance (as described by Mendel)? b. incomplete dominance? c. codominance?arrow_forward
- A made-up genetic phenotype in humans results in some people having both brown and blond body hair. It is noticeable only if you look closely and these individuals which have small. medium, and large patches of brown hair and small, medium, large patches of blond body hair spread throughout their body. a.) If this phenotype is only seen in females, males have completely blond or brown body hair, how would you describe the genetic nature of this phenotype?arrow_forwardA sex-linked recessive allele rg causes a red-green colorblindness in humans. A normal woman whose father was colorblind marries a colorblind man. A. What genotypes are possible for the mother of the colorblind man? B. What are the chances that the first child from this marriage will be a colorblind boy? C. Of the girls born from this union, what proportion can be expected to be colorblind? D. Of all the children of these parentsarrow_forwardA. Identify the pattern of inheritance in the pedigree below. B. Provide two pieces of evidence that you used to come to this conclusion. C. Identify the genotypes of individuals II-1 and III-2 (at the arrows)arrow_forward
- This pedigree traces the inheritance of a trait in humans. Based on this pedigree, is the allele for this disease dominant or recessive? Is it sex-linked? Explain. What genotypes are most probable for the individuals labeled 4, 7, and 10?arrow_forwardConsider Dr. Whitt’s comments about the relationship between the wild-type and mutant RB1 alleles and what you now know about Knudson’s two-hit hypothesis. Do these ideas seem to confirm or contradict your earlier prediction (based on the pedigree) about whether the mutant RB1 allele is dominant or recessive to the wild-type allele? Explainarrow_forwardIn humans, the genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele (a). The normal (healthy) allele is dominant (A). What is the genotype of someone who has cystic fibrosis? What are the two different genotypes that a healthy person could have? If two people were both heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what fraction of their children would be likely to have this disease? Hint: Draw a Punnett square to figure it out.arrow_forward
- This pedigree traces the inheritance of a rare disease in humans. a. Based on this pedigree, is the allele for this disease dominant or recessive? Explain. b. What genotypes are possible for the individuals labeled 1, 2, and 3?arrow_forwardA study of three generations in a family of a male colleague of the authors indicated that many of the man's blood relatives had died of cardiovascular accidents and coronary heart disease. Others died of other causes but were affected by high blood pressure. What are the implications of this information for the man in question? b. What information and help might a genetic counselor provide?arrow_forwardTay-Sachs disease is a rare human disease in which toxic substances accumulate in nerve cells. The recessive allele responsible for the disease is inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. For unknown reasons, the allele is more common in populations of Ashkenazi Jews of eastern Europe. A woman is planning to marry her first cousin, but the couple discovers that their shared grandfather’s sister died in infancy of Tay-Sachs disease.a. Draw the relevant parts of the pedigree, and show all the genotypes as completely as possible. b. What is the probability that the cousins’ first child will have Tay-Sachs disease, assuming that all people who marry into the family are homozygous normal?arrow_forward
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