Concept explainers
a.
To draw: An ascus by the crossing of a mutant allele lys-5 with a wild-type allele lys-5+.
Introduction: The ascospores in the eukaryotes can be present in two types that is the ordered type and the unordered type. In yeast, the ascus consists of spores that are present in unordered types.
b.
To draw: An ascus by the crossing of two mutant alleles lys-5.
Introduction: The genotype is the genetic constitution of the organism while the
c.
To draw: An ascus by the crossing of two wild-type alleles lys-5+.
Introduction: The genotype of an organism is dependent on its genome and also on the environment of the organism. In some of the animals, it is not as typical as the genotype of the mother plays a crucial role. This type of effect is known as a maternal effect. The genes that participate in this are called maternal effect genes.
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Introduction to Genetic Analysis
- Thorn apples produce either purple (P) or white (p) flowers, and their fruits are either spiny (S) or smooth (s). These two genes are located on non homologous chromosomes. a. What is/are the phenotypes and genotypes of the offspring that result from the cross PPss x PpSs? b. If the cross PpSS x ppSs is made, which of the following is/are not represented in the offspring? PpSS PpSs ppSS ppSs PPSsarrow_forwardIn autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. Each of the F1 GGgg plants would obtain 12 gametes which are 2GG, 8Gg, and 2g. How were these obtained?arrow_forwardIn corn, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. This phenotype renders the male part of corn plants (i.e. the tassel) unable to produce fertile pollen; the female parts, however, remain receptive to pollination by pollen from male-fertile corn plants. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene F restores fertility to male-sterile lines. Using the following color-coded circles, simulate the crosses indicated below. Put the illustrations of crosses in the spaces provided. Be sure to include in the labels the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in each cross. Big light green circle - male-sterile cytoplasm Big orange circle - male-fertile cytoplasm Small orange circle - FF nucleus Small half-light green-half-orange circle - Ff nucleus Small light-green circle - ff nucleusarrow_forward
- In the following cross, imagine that you have a female fly that has two Xs and one Y due to a nondisjunction event in her mother's germ cells. Draw out what the possible gametes are for both the female and the male and also a Punnett square showing the genotypes, phenotypes, and sex of the possible flies as a result of this cross. You do not need to provide the probabilities of each of these. Red-eyed wi C Ở Red-eyed wt XX Y X Y Meiosisarrow_forward+ ec +/Y + + w/Y y ec +/Y + ec +/y ec w ++ w/y ec w у ес +у ес и Determine the order in which the three loci y, ec, and w Occur on the chromosome and prepare a linkage map. 7.22 A cross involving X-linked genes was made between yellow, bar, vermilion female fies and wild males, and the F1 females were crossed with y B v males. The following phenotypes were obtained when 1000 progeny were exam- ined: Dra ord ma the 7.2 546 244 160 50 + + + + Bv y Bv y+ + y+v y B+ and an and and and +B + re + + v ge Determine the order in which the three loci occur on the chromosome and prepare a linkage map. 7.23 Female Drosophila heterozygous for ebony (e"le), scarlet (st*/st), and spineless (ss*/ss) were testcrossed, and the following progeny were obtained: PROGENCY PHENOTYPES NUMBER ir Wild type Ebony Ebony, scarlet Ebony, spineless Ebony, scarlet, spineless Scarlet 67 8. 68 347 78 368 Scarlet, spineless Spineless (a) Are these genes linked? Justify your answer. (b) Write the genes given on a…arrow_forward1) Short hair in rabbits (R) is dominant over long hair (r). The following crosses are carried out, producing the progeny shown. Give the most likely genotypes of the parents in each cross. (Tabulate your answers). PARENTS a) short x short b) short x long c) short x long PROGENY 4 short and 2 long 12 short 3 short and 1 longarrow_forward
- In corn, the genes v (virescent seedlings), pr (red aleurone), and bm (brown midrib) are all on chromosome 5, but not necessarily in the order given. The cross: v+ pr bm/ v pr+ bm+ with v pr bm/ v pr bm produces 1000 progeny with the following phenotypes: v+ pr bm 226 v pr+ bm+ 229 v+ pr bm+ 153 v pr+ bm 185 v+ pr+ bm 59 v pr bm+ 71 v+ pr+ bm+ 36 v pr bm 41 What is the gene order, and the (b) genetic map of these three genes?arrow_forwardIn a particular organism, the A locus and the D locus are so tightly linked that no crossing over is ever observed between them. If an AADD individual is crossed to an aadd individual, what types of gametes will their double-heterozygote F1 offspring produce and in what proportions? Group of answer choices 25% parental and 75% recombinant gametes 75% parental and 25% recombinant gametes 100% parental and 0% recombinant gametes 50% parental and 50% recombinant gametes 0% parental and 100% recombinant gametesarrow_forwardIn fruit flies, red eyes (pr+_) are dominant to purple eyes (prpr) and normal wings (vg+_) are dominant to vestigial wings (vgvg). The genes are located on the same chromosome. A pure-breeding red-eyed fly with vestigial wings was crossed with a pure-breeding purple-eyed fly with normal wings. All of the F1 progeny had a WT phenotype. The recombination frequency between the two genes is 15%. If an F1 individual were test crossed, what percentage of the progeny would you expect to have the WT phenotype?arrow_forward
- The expected ratio of phenotypes among the progeny of a test cross is 1:1:1:1. Out of 200 total resulting progeny, 48 occur in one of the four phenotypic classes. Given this information, which of the following must also be true? a)At least one additional cell must also contain a count of 48. b)The progeny of this cross do not conform to a 1:1:1:1ratio. c)The value of observed - expected for this cell = -2. d)Since 48 is so close to the expected value, there is no need to calculate chi square before drawing a conclusion about the ratio.arrow_forwardIn autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. Show the types of gametes the F1’s may be expected to form and derive the expected proportion of each.arrow_forwarda) Explain why when a chiasma is formed, only 50% of the meiotic products will be of recombinant type. b) Determine the sequence of the three genes (y, cl and vg) that are linked on a chromosome based on the genetic distances provided below: y- vg 43 y- cl vg – cl 5 38arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning