Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:Constitutional isomer possible for
Concept introduction:There are three ways of representation of molecular structures. The hashed and wedged formulas have three types of bonds. The bond above the plane is represented by bold hash while bonds behind the plane are represented by wedge. The bonds in plane are represented by normal bonds.
Bond-line formula depicts the zig-zag framework of carbon chain with attached substituents. The terminal position represents a methyl while the non-terminal is for methylene group. For instance, the propane is written in this notation as follows:
Molecules that possess identical molecular formula but vary in the manner of their connectivity of the bonds are referred to as structural isomers. These are essentially found in
For instance, the smallest branched alkane possible is
The two compounds, in fact, constitute a pair of constitutional isomers. These kinds of isomers are formed by cleavage and replacement of bonds, unlike the conformational isomers that result due to rotation around the bond.The structural isomers possible for a given alkane increase rapidly with a number of carbon atoms. This is justified as for alkanes higher than propane more ways exist to connect the carbon atoms.
(b)
Interpretation: Constitutional isomer possible for
Concept introduction:There are three ways of representation of molecular structures. The hashed and wedged formulas have three types of bonds. The bond above the plane is represented by bold hash while bonds behind the plane are represented by wedge. The bonds in plane are represented by normal bonds.
Bond-line formula depicts the zig-zag framework of carbon chain with attached substituents. The terminal position represents a methyl while the non-terminal is for methylene group. For instance, the propane is written in this notation as follows:
Molecules that possess identical molecular formula but vary in the manner of their connectivity of the bonds are referred to as structural isomers. These are essentially found in alkanes that can be branched by removal of
For instance, the smallest branched alkane possible is
The two compounds, in fact, constitute a pair of constitutional isomers. These kinds of isomers are formed by cleavage and replacement of bonds, unlike the conformational isomers that result due to rotation around the bond.The structural isomers possible for a given alkane increase rapidly with a number of carbon atoms. This is justified as for alkanes higher than propane more ways exist to connect the carbon atoms.
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Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
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