(a)
Interpretation:The better nucleophile out of
Concept introduction:Nucleophile is an electron rich, negative ion or a molecule with an electronegative atom & lone pairs of electrons.
(b)
Interpretation: The better nucleophile out of
Concept introduction: Nucleophile is an electron rich, negative ion or a molecule with an electronegative atom & lone pairs of electrons.
(c)
Interpretation: The better nucleophile out of
Concept introduction: Nucleophile is an electron rich, negative ion or a molecule with an electronegative atom & lone pairs of electrons.
(d)
Interpretation: The better nucleophile out of
Concept introduction: Nucleophile is an electron rich, negative ion or a molecule with an electronegative atom & lone pairs of electrons.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 6 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
- Write the products of the following acid-base reactions: (a) CH3OH + H2SO4 ² ? (b) CH3OH + NANH2 2 ? (c) CH3NH3+ Cl- + NaOH ?arrow_forwardWhat is(are) the major Organic product(s) in the following reaction? CH; CH; H₂C-C-0-CBr; CBr; CH; H₂C-C-0-CH; CH; CB13 Br3C C 0-CH₂ HBr (SNI) HC CH; H₂C-C-0-H CH, (b) CH; CH; Br CH;Br CH₂OH H;C CH, H₂C C | CH; CH; C CH; (c) H CH + CH₂Br CH; 0—C—CH; -CH:OCH:arrow_forwardIdentify (A) in the following reaction. 2H2 Pt (A) KMNO4 Warm conc. || С — С — о—н |CO,H + HO CO2H cis-cyclo hexane 1,2-dicarboxylic acid (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward
- Draw the product formed when (CH3CH2)3N:, a Lewis base, reacts with each Lewis acid: (a) B(CH3)3; (b) (CH3)3C+; (c) AlCl3.arrow_forwardWrite the reagent or draw structures of the starting material or organic product(s) in the following reactions. If more than one product is formed, identify the major product where possible. (a) (b) HO OH OH H2SO4 ? Cl₂ ? FeCl3arrow_forwardPQ-2. This reaction is classified as (A) a nucleophilic addition. (C) a nucleophilic substitution. NaCN H3C CH3 H₂O (B) an electrophilic addition. (D) an electrophilic substitution. HO H3C CN CH3arrow_forward
- HO (c) Alkene + Reagent HO (d) Alkene + Reagentarrow_forward1) The carbon-oxygen double bond present in aldehydes and ketones is very polar. What does this mean and how does it arise? 2) The carbon-oxygen double bond is readily attacked by nucleophiles like cyanide ions or ammonia. (i) What do you understand by the term nucleophile? (ii) Which part of the carbon-oxygen double bond is attractive to nucleophiles? 3) Why is there a difference between aldehydes and ketones in their response to oxidizing agents such as potassium dichromate(VI) solution acidified with dilute sulfuric acid?arrow_forward4. Protonation of alcohol A and subsequent loss of water, produces the intermediate B. CH3 CH; CH, CH, — с — сH, CH, CH;CH, - C- CH, CH; | OH A B (a) (i) Name alcohol A. (11) What type of species is intermediate B? (iii) Draw the structures of the two alkenes which can be formed from species B by removal of a proton. Label as C the alkene which shows geometrical isomerism. (b) The intermediate B is readily attacked by nucleophiles such as water. What is the essential feature of a nucleophile? (c) State what final colour you would see if alcohol A were warmed with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Explain your answer. Colour Explanation . (ii) Draw two structural isomers of alcohol A which form branched chain ketones when heated with acidified potassium dichromate(VI), but which could not form alkene C on dehydration.arrow_forward
- An important step in one synthesis of carboxylic acids is the deprotonation of diethyl malonate and its alkyl-substituted derivative: Base CH;CH2O OCH,CH3 CH;CH,0 OCH2CH3 H2 Diethyl malonate Base CH;CH,0 °C `OCH,CH3 CH;CH,O OCH,CH3 R Alkyl substituted diethyl malonate NaOH can deprotonate diethyl malonate effectively, but NaOC(CH3)3 is typically used to deprotonate the alkyl-substituted derivative. Explain why.arrow_forwardDraw all of the substitution and elimination products formed from the given alkyl halide with each reagent: (a) CH3OH; (b) KOH. Indicate the stereochemistry around the stereogenic centers present in the products, as well as the mechanism by which each product is formed.arrow_forwardConsidering each of the following values and neglecting entropy, tell whether the starting material or product is favored at equilibrium: (a) ΔH° = 80 kJ/mol; (b) ΔH° = −40 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY