Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781319079451
Author: K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Neil E. Schore
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 6.3, Problem 6.6E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The detailed equations with curved arrows for the substitution reactions between 1-bromobutane & nucleophiles should be stated.
Concept introduction:
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Questions 15-21 concern the reaction 2 SO2(8) + 102(8) 22 SO3(g), the crucial step in the
production of sulfuric acid. For this reaction AH° = -198 kJ/mol and AS° = -0.187 kJ/mol·K. SO2
(perhaps from the production of copper metal) is mixed with air and heated, resulting in the formation
of SO3. (All concentrations are in Kolks units.)
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For the reaction
CACO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO,(g)
AG = 132.7 kJ and AH° = 178.3 kJ at 284 K and 1 atm.
This reaction is (reactant, product)
favored under standard conditions at 284 K.
The entropy change for the reaction of 1.81 moles of CaCO;(s) at this temperature would be
J/K.
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b) Determine the standard enthalpy change and std. Gibbs free energy change of
reaction at 400 k for the reaction
СO(g) +2H2(g) — CHОН (g)
At 298.15 K, AH.co (0)= -26.41 kcal/mol, AH
AG.co (9)= -32.8079 kcal/mol, AG cH,oh(9)= -38.69 kcal/mol,
°.CH20H(9)= -48.08 kcal/mol,
The standard heat capacity of various components is given by,
CO = a + bT + cT² + dT³, where C, is in cal/mol-K and T is in K
b x10²
с х105
d x10°
Соmponent
CH3OH
а
4.55
2.186
-0.291
-1.92
CO
6.726
0.04
0.1283
-0.5307
H2
6.952
-0.0457
0.09563
-0.2079
Chapter 6 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 6.1ECh. 6.2 - Prob. 6.3TIYCh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.4ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.5ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.6ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.7ECh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.8ECh. 6.4 - Prob. 6.10TIYCh. 6.4 - Prob. 6.11ECh. 6.5 - Prob. 6.12E
Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 6.13ECh. 6.6 - Prob. 6.14ECh. 6.6 - Prob. 6.16TIYCh. 6.6 - Prob. 6.17ECh. 6.7 - Prob. 6.18ECh. 6.7 - Prob. 6.19ECh. 6.7 - Prob. 6.20ECh. 6.8 - Prob. 6.21ECh. 6.8 - Prob. 6.22ECh. 6.8 - Prob. 6.23ECh. 6.8 - Prob. 6.24ECh. 6.9 - Prob. 6.26TIYCh. 6.10 - Prob. 6.27ECh. 6.10 - Prob. 6.28ECh. 6 - Prob. 31PCh. 6 - Prob. 32PCh. 6 - Prob. 33PCh. 6 - Prob. 34PCh. 6 - Prob. 35PCh. 6 - Prob. 36PCh. 6 - Prob. 37PCh. 6 - Prob. 38PCh. 6 - Prob. 39PCh. 6 - Prob. 40PCh. 6 - Prob. 41PCh. 6 - Prob. 42PCh. 6 - Prob. 43PCh. 6 - Prob. 44PCh. 6 - Prob. 45PCh. 6 - Prob. 46PCh. 6 - Prob. 47PCh. 6 - Prob. 48PCh. 6 - Prob. 49PCh. 6 - Prob. 50PCh. 6 - Prob. 51PCh. 6 - Prob. 52PCh. 6 - Prob. 53PCh. 6 - Prob. 54PCh. 6 - Prob. 55PCh. 6 - Prob. 56PCh. 6 - Prob. 57PCh. 6 - Prob. 58PCh. 6 - Prob. 59PCh. 6 - Prob. 60PCh. 6 - Prob. 61PCh. 6 - Prob. 62PCh. 6 - Prob. 63PCh. 6 - Prob. 64PCh. 6 - Prob. 65PCh. 6 - Prob. 66PCh. 6 - Prob. 67PCh. 6 - Prob. 68P
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- 6-78 (Chemical Connections 6A) Oxides of nitrogen (NO, NO2,N2O3) are also responsible for acid rain. Which acids can be formed from these nitrogen oxides?arrow_forwardUse a Born-Haber cycle (Sec. 5-13) to calculate the lattice energy of MgF2 using these thermodynamic data. Compare this lattice energy with that of SrF2, −2496 kJ/mol. Explain the difference in the values in structural terms.arrow_forwardWhen ethanol (CH;CH;OH) burns in oxygen, carbon dioxide and water are formed. (i) Write the equation which describes this reaction. (ii) Using the data below, calculate the value for AH° for the combustion of ethanol. AH; (CH;CH2OH(1)) = - 277.0 kJmol1 AH, (CO2(g)) = - 393.7 kJmol1 AH: (H2O()) = - 285.9 kJmol1arrow_forward
- Given the dissociation reaction, Br2(g) = 2 Br(g), AH = + 112 kJ mol^ - 1 molecular bromine is 35 per cent dissociated at 1600 K and 1.00 bar at equilibrium. Calculate the equilibrium constant, K at 25\deg C. At what temperature would the reaction mixture need to be to turned off, ~ K = 10^-5?arrow_forwardThe following equation describes the equilibrium that exists when the weak acid propionic acid (C2H5 CO,H) dissolves in water. (In acting as an acid, the -CO2H group supplies H+ to form H30*.) C2H; CO,H(aq) +H2O(l) 2 H,0+ (aq) + C2 H; CO2-(aq) a Which of the four species are Bronsted-Lowry acids? (Select all that apply.) O H20 O C2H; CO2- O H3o+ O C2H; CO,H b Which of the four species are Brønsted-Lowry bases? (Select all that apply.) O H2O O C2H;CO2 O H30+ O C;H; CO,Harrow_forwardThe Kw for water at 1°C is 1.0 × 10-15. Calculate the [H3O+] and [OH-] in 0.20 M HI at this temperature.arrow_forward
- Using a table of average bond enthalpies. Table 6.2 ( Sec. 6-6b), estimate the enthalpy change for the industrial synthesis of methanol by the catalyzed reaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen.arrow_forwardDilution is necessary for commercially available acids such as HNO3, H2SO4 etc so that the strength is reduced to be used by students in a chemistry laboratory. Select one: O True O Falsearrow_forwardComplete the balanced chemical reaction for the following weak base with a strong acid. In this case, write the resulting acid and base as its own species in the reaction. CH;NH2(aq) + HCIO3(aq) > 4- 3. 2+ 3+ 4+ 1 2 6 7 8 O2 4 5. ) (s) (1) (g) (aq) H N H30* CI H20 OH 4- +arrow_forward
- Which of the following reactions would have the most positive AS° value? A) SO,(g) + Na¸O(s) Na SO,(s) B) CO,(s) → CO,(g) C) Fe®*(aq) + SCN(aq) FESCN²"(aq) D) N,(g) + 3 H,(g) 2 NH,(g) E) 2 NO(g) + CI,(g) 2 NOCI(g)arrow_forwardCalculate the standard enthalpy of reaction, AHin, of each of the given acid-base neutralization reactions involving the strong base KOH. The standard enthalpy of formation data are provided. Compound or Ion Standard Enthalpy of Formation (kJ/mol) KOH(aq) -482.4 H,O() HCIO, (aq) -285.8 -98.4 KCIO, (aq) -349,5 HBr(aq) -121.0 KBr(aq) NH (aq) NH, (aq) K* (aq) -372.1 -132.5 -80.3 -251.2 HCIO, (aq) + KOH(aq) – KCIO, (aq) +H,O(1) AHn = kJ/mol HBraq) + кон(aд) — КBr(aq)+ Н, о) AHin = kJ/mol NH (aq) + KOН аq) — NH, (aq) + K* (аq) + Н, О) kJ/mol AHxn = Based on the AHan values, what is the most likely conclusion about the strength of the acids? O HCIO, (aq) and HBr(aq) are weak acids, and NH (aq) is a strong acid. O HCIO, (aq) and HBr(aq) are strong acids, and NH (aq) is a weak acid. O HCIO, (aq), HBr(aq), and NH (aq) are all weak acids. O HCIO, (aq). HBr(aq), and NH (aq) are all strong acids.arrow_forward2. Use the data below to calculate AH for the reaction N,0, + 3C0 → N,0 + 3CO, AH = ? - 110 - 393 + 81 + 9.7 CO2 (e) N,0, 3. Calculate AH at 25°C for the reaction of 1.0 mole of Carbon with excess Carbon Dioxide to produce Carbon Monoxide. Note: The enthalpy formation of element is equal to zero (0). Use the data on the table on item no.2. Reaction equation: C + co2 + 2CO AH = ?arrow_forward
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