Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 7, Problem 7RA
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Myelinated nerve fiber responsible for the conduction of action potentials.
Introduction:
The nerve fiber or an axon is an extended portion of cell body, which conducts action potential to transmit information to the effector organs. There are myelinated and unmyelinated axons, based on the presence or absence of myelin sheath around it, respectively. The conduction of action potential through the unmyelinated axon is not effective as charges leak out of the axon membrane. While, the myelinated axon helps to conduct action potential because of thick myelin sheath which protects the charge leakage.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Which one is correct about the AP conduction velocity of nerve fiber
A. Increase of the temperature within physiological limit will increase the conduction velocity.
B. The fiber with big diameter always conducts faster.
C. The increase of extracellular K+ will increase the conduction velocity
D. Myelination of nerve fiber always decreases the conduction velocity.
E. Anesthesia do not influence the conduction velocity.
Repolarization of an axon during an action potential is produced by a. inward diffusion of Na+. b. active extrusion of K+. c. outward diffusion of K+. d. inward active transport of Na+.
The rate of information transmission from the central nervous system (CNS) to an effector organ
will be slowed by...
A. increasing the diameter of the axons
B. increasing the number of nerve cells between the CNS and the effector organ
C. adding a myelin sheath to the axons
D. increasing the distance between the nodes of Ranvier
E. None of the above
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 7 - Draw a neuron, label its parts, and describe the...Ch. 7 - Distinguish between sensory neurons, motor...Ch. 7 - Describe the structure of the neurilemma, and...Ch. 7 - Explain how myelin sheaths are formed in the CNS....Ch. 7 - Explain what is meant by the blood-brain barrier....Ch. 7 - Define the terms depolarization and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 7 - Describe how gating of Na+andK+ in the axon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 5bCP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 7 - Describe the location of neurotransmitters within...Ch. 7 - Describe the sequence of events by which action...Ch. 7 - Explain how chemically regulated channels differ...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8CPCh. 7 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 9bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 10CPCh. 7 - Prob. 11CPCh. 7 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 13aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 14aCPCh. 7 - Describe the mechanism of action of glycine and...Ch. 7 - Give examples of endogenous opioid polypeptides,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 16CPCh. 7 - Prob. 17aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 17bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 17cCPCh. 7 - Prob. 1RACh. 7 - Prob. 2RACh. 7 - Prob. 3RACh. 7 - Prob. 4RACh. 7 - Repolarization of an axon during an action...Ch. 7 - As the strength of a depolarizing stimulus to an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7RACh. 7 - Which of these is not a characteristic of synaptic...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9RACh. 7 - Prob. 10RACh. 7 - Prob. 11RACh. 7 - Prob. 12RACh. 7 - Prob. 13RACh. 7 - Prob. 14RACh. 7 - Prob. 15RACh. 7 - Prob. 16RACh. 7 - Prob. 17RACh. 7 - Which of these may be produced by the action of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19RACh. 7 - In a step-by-step manner, explain how the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 21RACh. 7 - Prob. 22RACh. 7 - Prob. 23RACh. 7 - Prob. 24RACh. 7 - Once an EPSP is produced in a dendrite, how does...Ch. 7 - Prob. 26RACh. 7 - List the endogenous opioids in the brain and...Ch. 7 - Explain what is meant by long-term potentiation...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29RACh. 7 - Prob. 30RACh. 7 - Prob. 31RACh. 7 - Prob. 32RACh. 7 - Prob. 33RACh. 7 - Explain the nature of the endocannabinoids....Ch. 7 - Prob. 35RACh. 7 - Prob. 36RACh. 7 - Prob. 37RACh. 7 - Prob. 38RACh. 7 - Prob. 39RACh. 7 - Use the figure below (from figure 7.34) to answer...
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- Small gaps in the myelin sheath where the axon is exposed to the extracellular environment are called A. nodes of Ranvier B.oligodendroglia C.neuroglia D. Schwann cells.arrow_forwardAction potentials are normally initiated at the axon hillock because a. there is a particularly high density of voltage-gated sodium channels there. b. threshold potential is lower there than at other sites along the plasma membrane. c. activation of sodium channels at the axon hillock results in a particularly strong inward current and consequent depolarization. d. all of these. e. none of these.arrow_forwardAction potential conduction velocity is more rapid in a myelinated axon than an unmyelinated one because in a myelinated axon: a. the action potential travels as a continuous wave. b. there is a decrease in membrane resistance. c. the action potential jumps along the axon. d. there is an increase in membrane capacitance. e. there is an increase in the ion gradients.arrow_forward
- Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells generate a fatty substance known as a. glial. c. myelin. b. soma. d. neurilemma.arrow_forwardAnother name for the axon of a neuron is:- a. nerve fiber. b. neurofibril. c. neurilemma. d. axoplasm. e. endoneuriumarrow_forwardWhich of the following is (are) true about the myelin sheath? a. made of Schwann cells b. allow for saltatory conduction c. insulate the nerve cell d. all of thesearrow_forward
- During the depolarization phase of an action potential, the permeability of the membranea. to K+ is greatly increased.b. to Na+ is greatly increased.c. to Ca2+is greatly increased.d. is unchanged.arrow_forwardThe fatty substance that helps protect the axon is calleda. neurotransmitter.b. myelin.c. dendrite.d. nodes of Ranvier.arrow_forwardUsing cable theory to describe axon conduction would tell us a. the larger the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential b. the larger the diameter of the axon the slower the propagation of the action potential c. the smaller the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential d. that having big axons is of no benefit and only takes up a lot of space e. the nervous system mainly has small axons because they are much faster than large onesarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials? a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons. b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron. c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel. d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction e. Action potentials move slowly.arrow_forwardThe axons of myelinated neurons are imbedded in a protective covering of A. Schwann cells B. gray matter. C. nodes of Ranvier D. synaptic knobs.arrow_forwardMark the following statements as true of false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. Ependymal cells regulate the composition and movement of cerebrospinal fluid. b. Schwann cells make myelin in the peripheral nervous system c. Microglia are neuroglial cells with an immune function. d. Oligodendrocytes repair damaged axons in the peripheral nervous system. e. Astrocytes regulate the extracellular environment of the brain and are key components of the blood-brain barrier. f. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells perform similar functions in different parts of the nervous system.arrow_forward
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