Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 10RA
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The action of the drugs that inhibit acetylcholinesterase.
Introduction:
Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter released at post synaptic clefts that helps in the conduction of a nerve impulse. Acetylcholinesterase inhibits the activity of this neurotransmitter by breaking it down into acetyl and choline, which re-enter the presynaptic cleft to make more acetylcholine. This restores the nerve conduction to the original state while passing on the impulse. However, in skeletal muscle disorders like Myasthenia gravis, there is a need to increase the amount of acetylcholine, which can be done by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine esterase.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Select ALL statements that are TRUE regarding a drug that would inactivate the enzyme acetylcholinesterase
A. Prevent acetylcholine from being loaded into synaptic vesicles
B. Prolong the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse
C. Terminate the effects of acetylcholine in the synapse
D. Speed up the synthesis of acetylcholine
E. Reduce the reuptake of choline back into the axon terminal
Nicotinic receptors bind
A. acetylcholine and allow chloride ions to exit the cell.
B. acetylcholine and allow sodium ions to enter the cell.
C. muscarine and increase the contractility of intestinal muscle.
D. norepinephrine and can either stimulate or inhibit the cell.
E. norepinephrine and allow potassium entry, thereby exciting the cell.
Which of the following is accurate about a beta receptor? a. It binds acetylcholine. b. Its effects are excitatory (stimulatory) only. c. It causes general vasoconstriction. d. It increases heart rate.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 7 - Draw a neuron, label its parts, and describe the...Ch. 7 - Distinguish between sensory neurons, motor...Ch. 7 - Describe the structure of the neurilemma, and...Ch. 7 - Explain how myelin sheaths are formed in the CNS....Ch. 7 - Explain what is meant by the blood-brain barrier....Ch. 7 - Define the terms depolarization and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 7 - Describe how gating of Na+andK+ in the axon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 5bCP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 7 - Describe the location of neurotransmitters within...Ch. 7 - Describe the sequence of events by which action...Ch. 7 - Explain how chemically regulated channels differ...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8CPCh. 7 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 9bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 10CPCh. 7 - Prob. 11CPCh. 7 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 13aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 14aCPCh. 7 - Describe the mechanism of action of glycine and...Ch. 7 - Give examples of endogenous opioid polypeptides,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 16CPCh. 7 - Prob. 17aCPCh. 7 - Prob. 17bCPCh. 7 - Prob. 17cCPCh. 7 - Prob. 1RACh. 7 - Prob. 2RACh. 7 - Prob. 3RACh. 7 - Prob. 4RACh. 7 - Repolarization of an axon during an action...Ch. 7 - As the strength of a depolarizing stimulus to an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7RACh. 7 - Which of these is not a characteristic of synaptic...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9RACh. 7 - Prob. 10RACh. 7 - Prob. 11RACh. 7 - Prob. 12RACh. 7 - Prob. 13RACh. 7 - Prob. 14RACh. 7 - Prob. 15RACh. 7 - Prob. 16RACh. 7 - Prob. 17RACh. 7 - Which of these may be produced by the action of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19RACh. 7 - In a step-by-step manner, explain how the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 21RACh. 7 - Prob. 22RACh. 7 - Prob. 23RACh. 7 - Prob. 24RACh. 7 - Once an EPSP is produced in a dendrite, how does...Ch. 7 - Prob. 26RACh. 7 - List the endogenous opioids in the brain and...Ch. 7 - Explain what is meant by long-term potentiation...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29RACh. 7 - Prob. 30RACh. 7 - Prob. 31RACh. 7 - Prob. 32RACh. 7 - Prob. 33RACh. 7 - Explain the nature of the endocannabinoids....Ch. 7 - Prob. 35RACh. 7 - Prob. 36RACh. 7 - Prob. 37RACh. 7 - Prob. 38RACh. 7 - Prob. 39RACh. 7 - Use the figure below (from figure 7.34) to answer...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which one is correct about the AP conduction velocity of nerve fiber A. Increase of the temperature within physiological limit will increase the conduction velocity. B. The fiber with big diameter always conducts faster. C. The increase of extracellular K+ will increase the conduction velocity D. Myelination of nerve fiber always decreases the conduction velocity. E. Anesthesia do not influence the conduction velocity.arrow_forwardWhich of these statements about catecholamines is false? a.They include norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. b.Their effects are increased by action of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase. c.They are inactivated by monoamine oxidase. d.They are inactivated by reuptake into the presynaptic axon. e.They may stimulate the production of cyclic AMP in the postsynaptic axon.arrow_forwardIn the stretch reflex,a. Golgi tendon organs activate contraction in extrafusal muscle fibersconnected to that tendon.b. lengthening of muscle-spindle receptors in a muscle leads tocontraction in an antagonist muscle.c. action potentials from muscle-spindle receptors in a muscle formmonosynaptic excitatory synapses on motor neurons to extrafusal fiberswithin the same muscles.d. slackening of intrafusal fibers within a muscle activates gamma motorneurons that form excitatory synapses with extrafusal fibers within thatsame muscle.e. afferent neurons to the sensorimotor cortex stimulate the agonist muscle to contract and the antagonist muscle to be inhibitedarrow_forward
- What do multiple sclerosis and ALS (amyotropic lateral sclerosis) have in common?a. They both are more common in young men than in young women.b. They both impair the initiation of action potentials.c. They both damage the myelin sheath, disrupting action potential transmission.d. They both impair nerve function in the peripheral nervous systemarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the intensity of a nerve response is true? a. A stimulus reaching the threshold level may or may not propagate a nerve impulse. b. A stimulus resulting in a greater voltage shift will result in a stronger nerve impulse and increased sense of perception in the brain. c. All stimuli, regardless of the strength, will always generate a nerve impulse. d. A small voltage shift and a large voltage shift will yield the same nerve impulse as long as the stimulus reaches the threshold level.arrow_forwardWhy can physostigmine, an AchE blocker, be used to treat myasthenia gravis? A. Physostigmine blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. OB. Physostigmine prolongs the action of acetylcholine at the NMJ. OC. Physostigmine increases the amount of acetylcholine in synaptic vesicles. D. Physostigmine increases the reuptake of acetylcholine. O E. Physostigmine blocks K* channels.arrow_forward
- At a normal NMJ, action potentials in the skeletal muscle cell can be blocked directly by? A. Curare, which inhibits nicotinic receptors. B. Atropine, which inhibits muscarinic receptors. C. Physostigmine, which inhibits ACHE. D. AP5, which inhibits NMDA receptors. E. Pentobarbital, which enhances the function of GABA on GABAA receptors.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false? a. The sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are positive chronotropic and inotropic agents. b. The endocrine system regulates cardiac output through chronotropic and inotropic hormones and through hormones that regulate water balance .c. The parasympathetic nervous system releases acetylcholine,which is a strongly negative inotropic agent. d. Factors such as electrolyte concentrations, body temperature,and age all affect cardiac output.arrow_forwardSarin nerve gas paralyzes muscle by interfering with neuronal transmission by which of the following? Select one: O A. encephalin O B. serotonin O C. acetylcholine O D. glutamate O E. GABAarrow_forward
- An animal is exposed to a plant toxin that breaks open synaptic vesicles in dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine terminal buttons. The action of these neurotransmitters would be due to . A. decreased; the actions of monoamine oxidase B. decreased; inhibition of the reuptake transporter C. increased; the actions of monoamine oxidase D. increased; activation of the autoreceptorarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. lecithin b. phosphatidylcholine c. cardiolipin d. GPI anchors e. respiratory distress syndromearrow_forwardSelect All statements that are TRUE regarding the effects of administering a molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a neurotransmitter A. Temporarily compensate for neuron cell death by increased release of the neurotransmitter (ex. L-dopa used as treatment for Parkinson’s disease) B. Increase the rate of synthesis of that neurotransmitter C. Block the reuptake of the neurotransmitter back into the axon terminal D. Immediately alter then number of postsynaptic receptors E. Act as an indirect antagonist by activating autoreceptorsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...
Nursing
ISBN:9781285244662
Author:White
Publisher:Cengage
USMLE-Rx Antimicrobial Therapy; Author: USMLE-Rx;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pka1Ynlrqtw;License: Standard Youtube License