Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781319079451
Author: K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Neil E. Schore
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 3, Problem 37P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The ratio of rate constantsin methane with a chlorine atom and with a bromine atom should be written.
Concept introduction: Arrhenius gave the temperature dependence of rate in terms of activation energy as follows:
Where,
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Calculate the velocity of the reaction (M · s–1) of an α-amino group in a blood protein at 37°C if its concentration is 0.60 mM and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 40 torr. Use 2 significant figures and scientific notation (example: 1000 would be entered as 1.0e+3).
The rate constant k for this reaction is 4950 M–1·s–1.
8 Reactions between certain organic (alkyl) halides and water produce alcohols.
Consider the overall reaction for t-butyl bromide (2-bromo-2-methylpropane).
(CH3)3CBr(aq) + H2O(1) →(CH3)3COH(aq) + H*(aq) + Br "(ag)
k[(CH3)3CB1]. The accepted mechanism for the
The experimental rate law is rate =
%3D
reaction is shown below.
(1) (CH3)3C-Br(aq) →(CH3)3C*(aq) + Br "(aq)
[slow]
(2) (CH3)3C*(aq) + H2O(1) →(CH3)3C-OH2*(aq)
[fast]
(3) (CH3)3C-OH2*(aq) →H*(aq) + (CH3)3C-OH(aq) [fast]
a) Why doesn't H2O appear in the rate law?
b) Write rate laws for the elementary steps.
c) What intermediates appear in the mechanism?
d) Show that the mechanism is consistent with the experimental rate law.
ed to the
of consumption of N
-1000
Decomposition Rezctions
Carbon Reduction Reactions
AH
AS
(kJ)
(JK-mol)
O 2 Ag,0(s) → 4 Ag(s) + O2(g)
+62.2
+132.7
O 2 MgO(s) → 2 Mg(s) + O2(g)
+1202.4
+216.7
1000-
O 2 AlhO3(s) → 4 Al(s) – 3 02(g)
+3351.4
+546.8
O 2 Fe2O3(s) → 4 Fe(s) – 3 O2(g)
+1648 4
+5515
O 2 HgO(s) → 2 Hg(t) + 0,(g)
+181.7
+286.8
2000-
O 2 Cr,03(s) → 4 Cr(s)– 3 0,(g)
2269 4
+548.4
Temperature
3000
300
300 K
2000
Temperature ((K)
Clear Graph
The metals Mg and Al, like most metals in groups 1A, 2A, and 3A of the periodic table, cannot be obtained by chemical reduction with carbon at reasonable
temperatures. What procesS Is used to obtain these metals from their ores?
positive
Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2TIYCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3.3ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.5TIYCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.6ECh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.7ECh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.9TIYCh. 3.9 - Prob. 3.11TIYCh. 3.11 - Prob. 3.12ECh. 3 - Prob. 15PCh. 3 - Prob. 16P
Ch. 3 - Prob. 17PCh. 3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3 - Prob. 19PCh. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - Prob. 21PCh. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Prob. 28PCh. 3 - Prob. 29PCh. 3 - Prob. 30PCh. 3 - Prob. 31PCh. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Prob. 36PCh. 3 - Prob. 37PCh. 3 - Prob. 38PCh. 3 - Prob. 39PCh. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Prob. 42PCh. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - Prob. 44PCh. 3 - Prob. 45PCh. 3 - Prob. 46PCh. 3 - Prob. 47PCh. 3 - Prob. 48PCh. 3 - Prob. 49PCh. 3 - Prob. 50PCh. 3 - Prob. 51P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What type of bond cleavage takes place in/what type of intermediate is produced in the following reaction? COH2 H,0arrow_forwardName the type of reaction CI CI CI CH;CH,C=CCH, CH C CH,CH,C=CCH, CH,Cl, CH,CH,C-CCH, CI Cl CI If only 1 equivalent, if 2 equivalents or eXcess, here reaction reaction to here O Halogenation O Hydrogenation O Hydrohalogenation O Hydrationarrow_forwardTranslate the following reaction completely into English words using no symbols: 4NH3 + 5O2 --> 4NO + 6H2Oarrow_forward
- There is great excess of H2O in this reaction.arrow_forwardFor the reaction shown, which of the following answers best describes the product(s) of this reaction? Choose one answer OH م Br, OH Br₂ H₂O 25 °C Br HO Br b) Br, "11 OH Br Br + HO Br Br Brarrow_forwardThis reaction does not take place. All that happens under experimental conditions for the formation of radicals is initiation to form iodine radicals, I·, followed by termination to reform I2. How do you account for these observations?arrow_forward
- What is equilibrium? Write the relationship between Kc and Kp for the reaction involving the gases such that, i. aA + bB ¤ cC + ɖD where A, B, C, and D are all gases, and a, b, c, and d are their respective coefficients, What is hybridization? Explain the hybridization in Phosphorus pentachloride (PCI5) molecule. iii. ii. What is rate law? Write the Integrated rate law expression for 1st order reaction. iv. What is a colligative property? Derive the expression for the elevation in boiling in point when a non-volatile solute is added to a solution. What is pH? Calculate the pH for 0.0001N NH4OH solution of 100mL volume. The pKb value for NH4OH at 25°C is 1.76 x 10-5. v.arrow_forwardCleavage of C2H6 to produce two CH3· radicals is a gas-phase reaction that occurs at 700 °C. This reaction is first order, with k = 5.46 × 10−4 s−1. Write down the chemical equation for the cleavage reaction and the rate equations.arrow_forwardTrimethylamine, (CH3)3N, is a common reagent. It interacts readily with diborane gas, B₂H6. The latter dissociates to BH3 and this forms a complex with the amine, (CH3)3N→BH3. The reaction between trimethylamine and borane is shown. CH3 CH3 H CH3-N : + B-H CH3-N B-H CH3 H CH3 H Is the BH3 fragment a Lewis acid or a Lewis base? To decide this, answer the following questions: H a Which of the following is a definition of a Lewis acid? proton donor electron pair acceptor proton acceptor electron pair donorarrow_forward
- Q:4-1 Consider the following reaction: 2 NO(g) + 2 H2(8) → N;(g) + 2 H,O(g) (a) The rate law for this reaction is first order in H, and second order in NO. Write the rate law. (b) If the rate constant for this reaction at 1000 K is 6.0 × 10ª M¯²s¯!, what is the re- action rate when [NO] = 0.035 M and [H,] = 0.015 M? (c) What is the reaction rate at 1000 K when the concentration of NO is increased to 0.10 M, while the concentration of H, is 0.010 M? (d) What is the reaction rate at 1000 K if [NO] is decreased to 0.010 M and [H,] is increased to 0.030 M? %3D Q:4-2 The iodide ion reacts with hypochlorite ion (the ac- tive ingredient in chlorine bleaches) in the following way: OCI- + I- –→ OI¯ + Cl¯. This rapid reaction gives the following rate data: [OCI¯] (M) [I-] (M) Initial Rate (M/s) 1.5 X 10-3 1.5 X 10¬3 1.36 X 10¬4 3.0 × 10–3 1.5 X 10–3 2.72 X 10¬4 1.5 × 10-3 3.0 × 10-3 2.72 X 10¬4 (a) Write the rate law for this reaction. (b) Calculate the rate constant with proper units. (c)…arrow_forwardCleavage of C2H6 to produce two CH3· radicals is a gas-phase reaction that occurs at 700 °C. This reaction is first order, with k = 5.46 × 10−4 s−1. Write down the chemical equation for the cleavage reaction and the rate equations. How long will it take for the reaction to go to 15% completion? Show your workings.arrow_forwardΚΗ Consider the following reaction which has the observed kinetic isotope effect = 1.5. kD Cy2 "PH Δ Cy2 -PI...pt + -P Cy2 Cy2 A) Draw a mechanism for this reaction and identify the type of reaction which is occurring.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Enzymes - Effect of cofactors on enzyme; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkAbIwxyUs4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Enzyme Catalysis Part-I; Author: NPTEL-NOC IITM;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZE740JWZuQ;License: Standard Youtube License