Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 14, Problem 22RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of bradycardia and missed beat on stroke volume.
Introduction:
Frank-Starling law states that increase in the volume of the blood in ventricle increases stroke volume in the heart before constriction. Bradycardia is the condition in which heart rate becomes slower than 60 beats per minute. Missed beat is the condition where the heart beats at a much faster pace.
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Why is the Frank-Starling law of the heart important to the understanding of heart failure?
a) A consequence of the Frank-Starling law of the heart is that the outputs of the right and left ventricles match. Explain why this is important and how this match is made.b) The excitation-contraction matching mechanism within the heart muscle is different from that of the skeletal muscle. How might these differences be related to the difference between action potentials in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
A person has an ejection fraction of 54% and an EDV of 130 mL.
a) what is their stroke volume
b) if they have a heart rate of 65 beats per minute, what is the cardiac output?
c) If they increase their ED to 170 mL, what do you expect might happen to their ejection fraction (improve, stay the same or get worse)? Why- be complete in your answer.
d) What law is this?
e) How might the EDV be increased? Give at least one mechanism in detail
Chapter 14 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1CPCh. 14 - Prob. 2aCPCh. 14 - Describe how the stroke volume is intrinsically...Ch. 14 - Define the terms preload and afterload and explain...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3CPCh. 14 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 14 - Define the term edema and describe four different...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 5cCP
Ch. 14 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 7aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 14 - Define autoregulation and explain how this process...Ch. 14 - Describe blood flow and oxygen delivery to the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 14 - Describe the mechanisms that produce vasodilation...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9cCPCh. 14 - Define the term autoregulation and describe how...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 11CPCh. 14 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 13aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 14CPCh. 14 - Prob. 15aCPCh. 14 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 14 - Prob. 15cCPCh. 14 - Prob. 16CPCh. 14 - Prob. 1RACh. 14 - In the absence of compensations, the stroke volume...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3RACh. 14 - Prob. 4RACh. 14 - Prob. 5RACh. 14 - Prob. 6RACh. 14 - Prob. 7RACh. 14 - The sounds of Korotkoff are produced by...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9RACh. 14 - Blood flow in the coronary circulation...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11RACh. 14 - Prob. 12RACh. 14 - Prob. 13RACh. 14 - Prob. 14RACh. 14 - Prob. 15RACh. 14 - Blood pressure is lowest in
Ch. 14 - Prob. 17RACh. 14 - Prob. 18RACh. 14 - Prob. 19RACh. 14 - The pulse pressure is a measure of
Ch. 14 - Define the terms contractilily, preload, and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22RACh. 14 - Which part of the cardiovascular system contains...Ch. 14 - Prob. 24RACh. 14 - Prob. 25RACh. 14 - Prob. 26RACh. 14 - Prob. 27RACh. 14 - Prob. 28RACh. 14 - Prob. 29RACh. 14 - Prob. 30RACh. 14 - Prob. 31RACh. 14 - Prob. 32RACh. 14 - Prob. 33RACh. 14 - Prob. 34RACh. 14 - Prob. 35RACh. 14 - Prob. 36RACh. 14 - Prob. 37RACh. 14 - As described in chapter 8, functional magnetic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 39RACh. 14 - Athletes often have a slower resting cardiac rate...Ch. 14 - Prob. 41RACh. 14 - Prob. 42RACh. 14 - Prob. 43RACh. 14 - Prob. 44RACh. 14 - Prob. 45RACh. 14 - Prob. 46RA
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- In a patient given a cardiac glycoside, important effects of the drug on the heart include which of the following? a) Increased force of contraction. b)Decreased atrioventricular conduction velocity c)Decreased ejection time d)Increased ectopic automaticityAll of the abovearrow_forwardDescribe the Flank-Starling law in the heart. Describe how the heart alters stroke volume under sympathetic stimulation.arrow_forwardBriefly define 1) Starling’s Law of the heart, 2) the basic cellular mechanism thought to mediate this response, and 3) the physiological significance of this effect.arrow_forward
- Consider the ventricular cardiomyocyte action potential shown below: a) Which phase of the cardiac myocyte action potential would be most significantly affected by the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine? b) Draw the predicted effects of nifedipine on the cardiac myocyte action potential.arrow_forwardDescribe the Flank-Starling law in the heart.arrow_forwardWhen venous return remains constant, why would an increase in heart rate be expected to lead to a decrease in the force of contraction of the heart? Use the Frank-Starling Law to explain.arrow_forward
- Describe the action potential of an autorhythmic cell in the heart.a) Indicate how the opening and closing of each ion channel affects the membrane potential of the cell.b) Provide one similarity between the action potential of an autorhythmic cell and the action potential of a neuron.c) Provide one difference between the action potential of an autorhythmic cell and the action potential of a neuron.arrow_forwardFrank-Starling law of the heart states: if you increase the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers you will decrease the force of contraction a greater end diastolic volume will produce a weaker contraction of the ventricle by increasing the force of ventricular contraction you will increase the end systolic volume if you increase the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers you will increase the force of contraction.arrow_forward29. 30. State the significance of the longer action potential in a cardiac CONTRACTILE cell. State why it is important to prevent tetany in a cardiac contractile cells?arrow_forward
- In a standard EPS, briefly explain what is the difference between “pacing after sensing” and “fixed pacing”; in the study of inducibility to ventricular tachycardia (VT)?arrow_forwardExplain the principle behind the Frank–Starling law of the heart. How does this mechanism normally prevent pulmonary or systemic congestion?arrow_forwardHow can an individual’s maximum heart rate be estimated explain with a formula?arrow_forward
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