Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 11, Problem 2Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The practical reason behind the not so complete hydrogenation of oils during commercial hydrogenation.
Introduction:
The process in which hydrogen atom can bind to the double bond of a compound is referred to as hydrogenation. This process is normally carried out in the food industry. The hydrogenation is carried out to make the compound solid or semi-solid.
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Organic polymers have a similar composition to that of common carbohydrates (predominantly composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms). By principle, some carbohydrates readily react with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor, explain why this principle doesn’t spontaneously work on organic polymer wastes such as Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polystyrene (PS)?
Using condensed structures, supply an outline of the mechanism for the formation of Gly-Gly in the
human body. (Hint: It is not a simple condensation reaction).
Mixtures of amino acids can be analyzed by first separating the mixture into its components through ion‑exchange chromatography.
Amino acids placed on a cation‑exchange resin containing sulfonate (−SO−3)(−SO3−) groups flow down the column at different rates because of two factors that influence their movement: (1) ionic attraction between the sulfonate residues on the column and positively charged functional groups on the amino acids, and (2) aggregation of nonpolar amino acid side chains with the hydrophobic backbone of the polystyrene resin.
Note that the ionic attraction is more important than hydrophobicity for this column media.
For each pair of amino acids, identify which will be eluted first from a cation‑exchange column using a pH 7.0pH 7.0 buffer.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- A protein gives, under conditions of buffer composition, pH, and temperature that are close to physiological conditions, a molecular weight by sedimentation equilibrium measurements of 140,000 g/mol. When the same protein is studied by SDS gel electrophoresis in the absence or presence of the reducing agent β-mercaptoethanol (BME), the patterns seen in lanes A and B respectively are observed. Lane C contains standards of molecular weight indicated. From these data, describe the native protein, in terms of the kinds of subunits present, the stoichiometry of subunits (that is, how many of each subunits are present), and the kinds of bonding (covalent, non-covalent) existing between subunitsarrow_forwardGlycine hydrochloride (Cl− H3N+CH2COOH) is a diprotic acid that contains a carboxylic acid group and an ammonium group and is therefore called an amino acid. It is often used in biochemical buffers. Solve, In analogy with Figure , sketch the titration curve of this diprotic acid.arrow_forwardFatty acids are isolated using a surface embedded with silver ions. The composition of a fatty acid mixture was identified,and the shorthand notations of the fatty acid and triglyceride names were identified.Sample A – 18:0Sample B – trans-18:1∆9Sample C – cis, cis-20:2∆9, ∆12Sample D – 1,2-dibutyroyl-3-caproyl glycerolSample E – 1,2-dioleoyl-3-linoleoyl glycerolSample F – phosphatidylcholineWhich among these fatty acids and triglycerides, respectively, will MOST LIKELY be isolated by the described surface?Illustrate the condensed and skeletal structures of your answer(s). Provide a ten-sentence explanation to justify youranswers using relevant chemistry concepts.arrow_forward
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