Concept explainers
Concept introduction:
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Analysis:
The Cost Volume Profit analysis is the analysis of the relation between cost, volume, and profit of a product. It analyzes the cost and profits at the different level of production, in order to determine the breakeven point and required the level of sales to earn the desired profit.
Contribution margin means the margin that is left with the company after recovering variable cost out of revenue earned by selling smart phones. The formula for contribution margin is as follows:
Contribution margin = Sales - Variable cost.
Similarly contribution margin ratio = Contribution/sales
Breakeven Point:
The Breakeven point is the level of sales at which the net profit is nil. It can be explained as a situation where the business is generating a sale that is equal to the expenses incurred and hence no
Margin of Safety:
Margin of safety is sales over and above the breakeven level. Margin of safety can be calculated as dollar amount and in units as follows:
To calculate:
The Margin of Safety and Margin of Safety as % of sales
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Managerial Accounting
- Best Windows is a small company that installs windows. Its cost structure is as follows: Selling price from each window installation Variable cost of each window installation Annual fixed costs $ $ $ 160,000 Use (a) the equation method and (b) the contribution method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Use (a) the Equation method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Begin by determining the formula to calculate the operating income using the equation method. Then, calculate the operating income. (Abbreviation used: FC = Fixed costs, SP = Selling price, VCU = Variable cost per unit, Q = Quantity of units sold.) X X )-( )-( X X 700 600 X = Operating income = Next, use (b) the contribution method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Begin by determining the formula to calculate the operating income using the contribution method. Then, calculate the operating income. = Operating incomearrow_forwardPierson Pet Products produces two models of dog beds: Basic and Custom. Price, cost and expected sales volume data for the two models are as follows: Basic $ 19.00 $ 12.00 36,000 Custom $ 54.00 $ 33.00 24,000 Selling price per bed Variable cost per bed Expected sales (beds) The total fixed costs for the company are $396,900. Required: a. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? b. Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. Note: Do not round Intermediate calculations. c. If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations.arrow_forwardPierson Pet Products produces two models of dog beds: Basic and Custom. Price, cost and expected sales volume data for the two models are as follows: Selling price per bed Variable cost per bed Expected sales (beds) The total fixed costs for the company are $403,200. Basic $24.00 $ 17.00 66,000 Required: a. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? b. Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. c. If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Required A Required B Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Custom $ 59.00 $38.00 44,000 Basic beds Custom beds Required C Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. Note: In your computations, round up the total units to break-even to the nearest whole number and round other intermediate…arrow_forward
- Calculate the number of helmets Head-First must sell to earn operating income of $81,900. _____________helmets Refer to the list below for the exact wording of text items within your income statement. Amount Descriptions Operating income Operating loss Sales Total contribution margin Total fixed cost Total variable cost Units to Earn Target Income Head-First Company plans to sell 5,000 bicycle helmets at $75 each in the coming year. Unit variable cost is $45 (includes direct materials, direct labor, variable factory overhead, and variable selling expense). Total fixed cost equals $49,500 (includes fixed factory overhead and fixed selling and administrative expense). Required: 1. Calculate the number of helmets Head-First must sell to earn operating income of $81,900. 2. Check your answer by preparing a contribution margin income statement based on the number of units calculatedarrow_forwardPierson Pet Products produces two models of dog beds: Basic and Custom. Price, cost and expected sales volume data for the two models are as follows: Selling price per bed Variable cost per bed Expected sales (beds) The total fixed costs for the company are $401,940. Basic $ 23.00 $ 16.00 60,000 Required: a. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? b. Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. c. If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Required A Required B Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Custom $ 58.00 $ 37.00 40,000 Basic beds Custom beds Required C If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Note: In your computations, round up the total units to break-even to the nearest whole number and round…arrow_forwardSBD Phone Company sells its waterproof phone case for $122 per unit. Fixed costs total $262,000, and variable costs are $52 per unit. Compute the units of product that must be sold to earn pretax income of $228,000. Units to be sold to achieve targeted income Choose Numerator: Choose Denominator: Units to Achieve Target Units to achieve target IIarrow_forward
- Total Cost Method of Product Pricing Smart Stream Inc. uses the total cost method of applying the cost-plus approach to product pricing. The costs of producing and selling 3,500 units of cell phones are as follows: Variable costs per unit: Fixed costs: Direct materials $ 77 Factory overhead $134,700 Direct labor 35 Selling and administrative expenses 47,300 Factory overhead 23 Selling and administrative expenses 19 Total variable cost per unit $154 Smart Stream desires a profit equal to a 14% return on invested assets of $422,300. a. Determine the total costs and the total cost amount per unit for the production and sale of 3,500 cellular phones. Round the cost per unit to two decimal places. Total cost Total cost amount per unit b. Determine the total cost markup percentage for cellular phones. Round your answer to two decimal places. c. Determine the selling price of cellular phones. Round to the nearest cent. per cellular phonearrow_forward1 Lazy Days Inc. (LDI), sells hammocks. Revenue and cost information is given below: Sales Price 3. TL 30 Unit Variable Cost 20 Annual Fixed Operating Expenses 47,500 Required: a) Determine the sales volume in units and TL amount that would be required to attain a TL 12,500 profit. Verify your answer by preparing an income statement using the contribution margin format. b) LDI is considering the implementation of a quality improvement program. The program will require a TL 2.50 increase in the variable cost per unit. To inform its customers of the quality improvements, the company plans to spend an additional TL 5,000 for advertising. Assuming that the improvement program will increase sales to a level that is 1,500 units above the amount computed in requirement a, should LDI proceed with plans to improve product quality? Support your answer by preparing a budgeted income statement. c) Determine the new break-even point volume of units and sales in TL as well as the margin of safety…arrow_forwardAnalyzing profitability Father Furniture Company manufactures and sells oak tables and chairs. Price and cost data for the furniture follow: Father Furniture has three sales representatives: Adam, Ben, and Caleb. Adam sold 100 tables With 6 chairs each. Ben sold 110 tables With 4 chairs each. Caleb sold 80 tables with 8 chairs each. Requirements Calculate the total contribution margin and the contribution margin ratio for each sales representative (round to two decimal places). Which sales representative has the highest contribution margin ratio? Explain Whyarrow_forward
- JJ Manufacturing builds and sells switch harnesses for glove boxes. The sale sprice and variable cost for each follow: Product Selling Price Variable Cost per unit per unit Trunk Switch $60.00 $28.00 Gas door switch $75.00 $33.00 Glove box light $40.00 $22.00 Their sales mix is reflected in the ratio 4:4:1. What is the overall unit contribution margin for JJ Manufacturing with their current product mix?arrow_forward2) CVP break-even, margin of safety and target net income Zootsuit Inc. makes travel bags that sell for $56 each. For the coming year, management expects fixed costs to total $320,000 and variable costs to be $42 per unit. Compute the following for Zotsuit: 1) Break-even point in units and dollars using the contribution margin and the contribution margin ratio; 2) Margin of safety assuming that actual sales are $1,382,400; and 3) Sales in dollars and units required to earn a target net income of $410,000.arrow_forwardMultiproductGreen Rider makes three types of electric scooters. The company’s total fixed cost is $2,376,000,000. Selling prices, variable cost, and sales percentages for each type of scooter follow: Selling Price Variable Cost Percent of Total Unit Sales Mod $2,200 $1,900 30 Rad 3,700 3,000 50 X-treme 6,000 5,000 20 a. What is Green Rider’s break-even point in units and sales dollars? Units Dollars Mod Answer Answer Rad Answer Answer X-treme Answer Answer Total Answer Answer b. If the company has an after-tax income goal of $2 billion and the tax rate is 50 percent, how many units of each type of scooter must be sold for the goal to be reached at the current sales mix? Units Dollars Mod Answer Answer Rad Answer Answer X-treme Answer Answer Total Answer Answer c. Assume the sales mix shifts to 50 percent Mod, 40 percent Rad, and 10 percent X-treme. How does this change affect your…arrow_forward
- Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College Pub