Concept explainers
Concept introduction:
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Analysis:
The Cost Volume Profit analysis is the analysis of the relation between cost, volume, and profit of a product. It analyzes the cost and profits at the different level of production, in order to determine the breakeven point and required the level of sales to earn the desired profit.
Contribution margin means the margin that is left with the company after recovering variable cost out of revenue earned by selling smart phones. The formula for contribution margin is as follows:
Contribution margin = Sales - Variable cost.
Similarly contribution margin ratio = Contribution/sales
Degree of operating leverage:
The Degree of operating leverage shows the relation between change in net operating income and change in sales. The formulas for degree of operating leverage are as follows:
To calculate:
The Degree of operating leverage
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Managerial Accounting
- Best Windows is a small company that installs windows. Its cost structure is as follows: Selling price from each window installation Variable cost of each window installation Annual fixed costs $ $ $ 160,000 Use (a) the equation method and (b) the contribution method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Use (a) the Equation method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Begin by determining the formula to calculate the operating income using the equation method. Then, calculate the operating income. (Abbreviation used: FC = Fixed costs, SP = Selling price, VCU = Variable cost per unit, Q = Quantity of units sold.) X X )-( )-( X X 700 600 X = Operating income = Next, use (b) the contribution method to calculate operating income if Best installs 4,000 windows. Begin by determining the formula to calculate the operating income using the contribution method. Then, calculate the operating income. = Operating incomearrow_forwardPierson Pet Products produces two models of dog beds: Basic and Custom. Price, cost and expected sales volume data for the two models are as follows: Selling price per bed Variable cost per bed Expected sales (beds) The total fixed costs for the company are $401,940. Basic $ 23.00 $ 16.00 60,000 Required: a. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? b. Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. c. If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Required A Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Custom $ 58.00 $ 37.00 40,000 Required B Profit Required C What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? Required A Required Barrow_forwardPierson Pet Products produces two models of dog beds: Basic and Custom. Price, cost and expected sales volume data for the two models are as follows: Selling price per bed Variable cost per bed Expected sales (beds) The total fixed costs for the company are $401,940. Basic $ 23.00 $ 16.00 60,000 Required: a. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volumes? b. Assuming that the expected product mix applies regardless of total sales, compute the break-even volume. c. If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Required A Required B Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Custom $ 58.00 $ 37.00 40,000 Basic beds Custom beds Required C If the product sales mix were to change to three Basic beds for each Custom bed, what would be the new break-even volume? Note: In your computations, round up the total units to break-even to the nearest whole number and round…arrow_forward
- Identify Fixed and Variable Costs Intuit Inc. develops and sells software products for the personal finance market, including popular titles such as Quickbooks® and TurboTax®. Classify each of the following costs and expenses for this company as either variable or fixed to the number of units produced and sold: a. Packaging costs b. Sales commissions c. Property taxes on general offices d. Shipping expenses e. Straight-line depreciation of computer equipment f. President’s salary g. Salaries of software developers h. Salaries of human resources personnel i. Wages of telephone order assistants j. Users' guidesarrow_forwardMegacorp and Gadgetron are two competing gadget manufacturers. Information about the price and cost structures of the two manufacturers are given below. Megacorp Gadgetron Selling price per unit 160 160 Variable cost per unit 110 80 Fixed cost per month 46,000 100,000 Required: Calculate the sales volume that will result in Megacorp and Gadgetron having the same operating profit. Prepare a profit-volume graph by plotting profit as a function of the sales volume.Hint: Identify the point where sales volume is zero (i.e., fixed cost on y-intercept) and the break-even point (i.e., x-intercept where profit is zero) and connect the dots.arrow_forward) From the following information relating to quick standards Ltd., you are required to find out (i) C/M ratio (ii) break-even point (iii) calculate the volume of sales to earn profit of ` 6,000/- Total Fixed Costs ` 4,500 Total Variable Cost ` 7,500 Total Sales ` 15,000arrow_forward
- PROBLEM SOLVING: (show step by step solution) Break-even and target profits. Analysis of the operations of FAST Company shows the fixed costs to be P200,000 and the variable costs to be P8 per unit. Selling price is P16 per unit. Derive the break-even point expressed in units. How many units must the firm sell to earn a profit of P280,000? What would profits be if revenue from sales were P2,000,000?arrow_forwardConsider the following information for a given business. Sale revenue =GHS40,000 VC per unit =GHS20 Activity level =1,000 to break even Required: 1. Determine the TFC 2. Express the contribution as a percentage of sale. 3. The company plans to sale 1,500 unit in the next period. What will be the percentage margin of safety (MoS) 4. What margin should the business employ for planning purposes? 5. What total profit should the business expect in order to achieve it's planned sales?arrow_forwardAPPLY THE CONCEPTS: Effect of Changes to Sales Price, Variable Costs and Fixed Costs Now consider each of the following scenarios for Gordon Products. Calculate the contribution margin (CM) per unit, rounded to nearest dollar, and the new break-even point in units, rounded to the nearest whole unit, for each scenario separately. Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Gordon will dispose of a machine in the factory. The depreciation on that equipment is $500 per month. After some extensive market research, Gordon has determined that a sales price increase of $2 per unit will not affect the sales volume and will be effective immediately. Gordon has been experiencing quality problems with a materials supplier. Changing suppliers will improve the quality of the product but will cause direct materials costs to increase by $1 per unit. CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_1 CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_2 CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_3…arrow_forward
- Shock Company manufactures computer monitors. The following is a summary of its basic cost and revenue data: Per Unit Percent Sales price $ 460 100.00 Variable costs 237 51.52 Unit contribution margin $ 223 48.48 Assume that Shock Company is currently selling 590 computer monitors per month and monthly fixed costs are $79,800. What is Shock Company's degree of operating leverage (DOL) at this sales volume (i.e., at 590 units)? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) Multiple Choice 2.813. 2.100. 3.325. 2.695. 2.541.arrow_forwardThe Shine Company, which manufactures projection equipment, is ready to introduce a new line of portable projectors. The following data are available for a proposed model: Variable manufacturing costs Applied fixed manufacturing overhead Variable selling and administrative costs Applied fixed selling and administrative costs What price will the company charge if the firm uses cost-plus pricing based on total variable cost and a markup percentage of 235%? Multiple Choice $1,565.25. $1,700.25. $1,835.25. $2,060.25. None of these answer choices is correct. $ 440 220 175 190arrow_forwardDownload and fill out the Section 5 Comprehensive Problem Template attached below to complete the problems (ignore question 5-2 as this applies to the "combined accounting and finance" course). Problem 5-1 Redlands Inc. sells one product for $5. The variable cost per item is $3, and the fixed costs for the firm are $40. Required: a. Compute the breakeven point in units. b. Compute the number of units and sales revenue needed to achieve a $20 profit. (Ignore income taxes.) c. Assume that the income tax rate for Redlands is 40%. Compute the number of units and sales revenue needed to achieve an $18 net profit. d. Compute the number of units and sales revenue needed to achieve an 8% profit margin. (Ignore income taxes.) e. Compute the number of units and sales revenue needed to achieve a 12% net profit margin. (Assume a 40% income tax rate.) f. Assume that Redlands currently sells 40 units. Redlands estimates that if it increased sales price to $6 per unit demand would decrease by…arrow_forward
- Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning