The location of three genes in a transductional cross between donor and recipient. Introduction: Transduction is a process by which a virus or a viral vector introduces a foreign DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) into a bacterial cell. The cotransduction is a process by which the simultaneous transduction of multiple genes takes place. Transduction is of two types; generalized transduction and specialized transduction.

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Chapter 9.2, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

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The location of three genes in a transductional cross between donor and recipient.

Introduction:

Transduction is a process by which a virus or a viral vector introduces a foreign DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) into a bacterial cell. The cotransduction is a process by which the simultaneous transduction of multiple genes takes place. Transduction is of two types; generalized transduction and specialized transduction.

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T. Miyake and M. Demerec examined proline-requiring mutations in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (). On the basis of complementation testing, they found four proline auxotrophs: proA, proB, proC, and proD. To determine whether proA, proB, proC, and proD loci were located close together on the bacterial chromosome, they conducted a transduction experiment. Bacterial strains that were proC+ and had mutations at proA, proB, or proD were used as donors. The donors were infected with bacteriophages, and progeny phages were allowed to infect recipient bacteria with genotype proC− proA+ proB+ proD+. The recipient bacteria werethen plated on a selective medium that allowed only proC+ bacteria to grow. After this, the proC+ transductants were plated on selective media to reveal their genotypes at the other three pro loci. The following results were obtained: Q.Is there evidence that proA, proB, and proD are located close to proC? Explain your answer.

T. Miyake and M. Demerec examined proline-requiring mutations in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (). On the basis of complementation testing, they found four proline auxotrophs: proA, proB, proC, and proD. To determine whether proA, proB, proC, and proD loci were located close together on the bacterial chromosome, they conducted a transduction experiment. Bacterial strains that were proC+ and had mutations at proA, proB, or proD were used as donors. The donors were infected with bacteriophages, and progeny phages were allowed to infect recipient bacteria with genotype proC− proA+ proB+ proD+. The recipient bacteria werethen plated on a selective medium that allowed only proC+ bacteria to grow. After this, the proC+ transductants were plated on selective media to reveal their genotypes at the other three pro loci. The following results were obtained: Q.Why are there no proC− genotypes among the transductants?

An Hfr strain is used to map three genes in an interrupted mating experiment. The cross is Hfr/a+b+c+ rif x F-a-b-c- rifr (note that rifr is resistance to the antibiotic rifampicin). The a+ gene is required for the biosynthesis of nutrient A, the b+ gene for nutrient B, and the c+ gene for nutrient C. The cross is initiated at time=0. At various times, the mating mixture is plated out on three different types of medium. Each plate contains minimal medium (MM) plus rifampicin, plus specific supplements that are listed in the table below. The results for each time interval are shown as the number of colonies growing on each plate.An Hfr strain is used to map three genes in an interrupted mating experiment. The cross is Hfr/a+b+c+ rif x F-a-b-c- rifr (note that rifr is resistance to the antibiotic rifampicin). The a+ gene is required for the biosynthesis of nutrient A, the b+ gene for nutrient B, and the c+ gene for nutrient C. The cross is initiated at time=0. At various times, the…