Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.13, Problem 9KCP
Draw a continuous-cooling transformation diagram for a eutectoid plain-carbon steel. How does it differ from a eutectoid isothermal transformation diagram for a plain-carbon steel?
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
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- (c) The steels with the following compositions are heat treated and the results of microstructures are indicated in Table 2(c). Table 2(c): Heat treated steels and the results of microstructures Steel A 0.35 wt% C Coarse Pearlite Steel B 0.25 wt% C Coarse Pearlite Steel C 0.35 wt% C Fine Pearlite Rank the above steels based on carbon content and microstructures from the highest to the lowest hardness with justification.arrow_forwardTo what temperature should hypoeutectoid plain carbon steel be heated for hardening purposes according to the iron carbon diagram?arrow_forwardWhat are they and what is their application in the production of the following steels: TTT diagrams of non-eutectoid steel TTC continuous cooling diagrams Tempering of martensitearrow_forward
- 5. What is the role of austenitic gram size in martensitic transformations? Is austenitic grain size is important to the strength of martensite? What other factors are important to the strength and toughness in technological hardened steels?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the transformation of a hypereutectoid plain-carbon steel (0.4 percent C) with slow cooling.arrow_forwardWhat does the process of temper drying do for hardened carbon steel?arrow_forward
- This equilibrium phase of steel only occurs at temperatures above 723° C: martensite ferrite austenite O cementitearrow_forwardBelow is a continuous cooling transformation curve for steel (upper) and for a silicate melt (lower). Describe the similarities and differences as follows. a. What is the critical cooling rate in each case? b. What phase(s) form in each case when the critical cooling rate is exceeded? c. What phase(s) form in each case if the cooling rate is very slow? 800 1400 Ae lemperature Austenite *peorlite begins 10FI 700 1200 Austenitepearlite complete 1600 1000 5009 800 Tronsformation stops 400 600 300 400 Austenite -mortenstic structure 200 -Isathermal dogram Continuous transformaton diogrom Constant rate coding curves - 100 200 Findl structure Mortensite Morlensite i peorlile Peorite (softer, coorser- 0.1 10? 10 Tronsformation time, seconds Continuous Cooling-Transformation (C-T)Diagram (Derived from the isothermal-transformation diagram for a plain-carbon eutectoid steel) 1200 Glass Crystallization begins 1100 1000 Critical cooling rate Glass-ceramic 900 Crystallization ends 800 700 102 10…arrow_forwardI. A full annealing is often utilized in low- and medium-carbon steels II. A ferritic transformation occurs when the quenching rate is rapid enough to prevent carbon diffusion III. Spheroidizing is the heat treatment method for these steels to develop a machinable and deformable structure Which statement(s) given above is/are correct?arrow_forward
- Q3 (a) Three plain-carbon steel types are: eutectoid, hypoeutectoid, and hypereutectoid can be seen in the Iron-Carbon phase diagram as shown in Figure Q3(a). Explain the effect of heating to 780 °C and slow cooling to 650 °C on these material types for the carbon weight percentages of 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2%.. (i) (ii) Draw the effect of temperature on the microstructure of one plain carbon steel tvpe. (1539* C) 2902 F 2554 F Liquid L+ Austenite L+Cementite Austenite 2065 "F (1130 C) Eutectic (Ledeburite) Aus, + Ferrite Austenite + Cementite (908* C) 1666* F 1333 F (723 C) K. Eutectoid (pearlite) Ferrite Ferrite + Cementite 0.8 2.0 4.3 6.67 Fe,C Percent carbon by weight Hypo- eutectoid Hyper- eutectoid Hypoeutectio - Hypereutectic Steels Castirons Figure Q3(a) Temperature, Farrow_forward3.The TTT diagram of a plain carbon steel is given in Fig. 1. Identify whether this steel is a hypoeutectoid, eutectoid or hypereutectoid steel. Explain why the transformation happens slowly at 850°C as well as at 300°C. Determine the microstructures expected in this type of steel after the following heat treatment processes. a) Austenize at 900°C, quench to 400°C and hold for 1000 s and quench to 25°C. b) Austenize at 900°C, quench to 25°C. c) Austenize at 900°C, quench to 675°C and hold for 1 s, quench to 400°C and hold for 900 s and slowly cool to 25°C. 900 Acm Cs 800 A1 FezC + Y 33 Fe3C + pearlite 45 700 Ps 600 ++ Fe3C + pearlite Y+ bainite Bs 500 46 Bainite 400 Yu Bf 300 57 Ms 200 60 Mf Y+ martensite 100 62 Martensite 102 65 103 104 105 106 0.1 1 10 Time (s) Fig. 1 Temperature (°C) Rockwell C hardnessarrow_forwardWhat are they and what is their application in the production of the following steels: TTT diagrams. Phases present out of equilibrium.i. Martensiteii. Bainitearrow_forward
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