Chapter 23, Problem 74A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To discuss the use of Methyl tert-butyl ether in gasoline and also the reason behind the limitation of its usage.

Concept Introduction: Methyl tert-butyl ether which is commonly called MTBE is used in gasoline because of its several uses in the industry. Later, the adverse effect of MTBE came into existence which caused the limitation of its usage in the gasoline industry. It is used as a replacement for lead in the gasoline industry. It is also used as a fuel additive in motor gasoline.

Answer to Problem 74A

The usage has been limited because MTBE is thought to be carcinogenic and can easily mix with water.

Explanation of Solution

MTBE has been used to replace the lead as an octane enhancer that prevents the engine from knocking. It belongs to the group of chemicals commonly known as Oxygenates. The main function of MTBE is to provide oxygen during the reaction. Despite its uses in the gasoline industry, it is thought to be carcinogenic. Since it can easily mix with water, it can contaminate the groundwater if there is a leakage in the underground tanks in the gas station. This MTBE is also thought to be a cancer threat. In recent times this has been replaced with ethanol which is normal alcohol that is costlier than MTBE due to the effects.

Conclusion

The Energy Policy Act removed the oxygenated requirement for reformulated gasoline, which made the refiners switch to ethanol. Even though it is cheaper than alcohol, due to its effects on humankind it has been removed as an Oxygenate.