Chapter 23, Problem 42A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the IUPAC names for the given carbonyl compounds.

Concept Introduction: Certain rules have to be followed while naming the carbonyl compounds. The longest carbon chain is one containing the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The suffix of aldehyde is -al and the suffix of the ketone is -one.

Answer to Problem 42A

The IUPAC name of the given compound is Propan-2-one.

Explanation of Solution

In this, the longest chain containing the carbonyl group contains three carbons. The carbonyl group is in between the carbon chain so this will be a ketone. Since the carbonyl group is located on the second carbon it is named as Propan-2-one.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the IUPAC names for the given carbonyl compounds.

Concept Introduction: Certain rules have to be followed while naming the carbonyl compounds. The longest carbon chain is one containing the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The suffix of aldehyde is -al and the suffix of the ketone is -one.

Answer to Problem 42A

The IUPAC name of the given compound is Ethanal

Explanation of Solution

The longest chain contains two carbons. The carbonyl compound is present at the end of the carbon chain so it is an aldehyde. Since the carbonyl group is located at the first carbon it is named Ethanal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the IUPAC names for the given carbonyl compounds.

Concept Introduction: Certain rules have to be followed while naming the carbonyl compounds. The longest carbon chain is one containing the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The suffix of aldehyde is -al and the suffix of the ketone is -one.

Answer to Problem 42A

The IUPAC name of the given compound is 3-methylbutanal

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain contains four carbons. The carbonyl group is located at the end of the carbon chain so it is an aldehyde. There is a methyl group located at the third carbon. Therefore, the compound is named 3-methylbutanal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the IUPAC names for the given carbonyl compounds.

Concept Introduction: Certain rules have to be followed while naming the carbonyl compounds. The longest carbon chain is one containing the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The suffix of aldehyde is -al and the suffix of the ketone is -one.

Answer to Problem 42A

The IUPAC name of the given compound is Hexane-3-one.

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain contains six carbons. The carbonyl group is located in between the carbon chain so it is a ketone. Since the carbonyl carbon is the third carbon, it is named Hexane-3-one.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the IUPAC names for the given carbonyl compounds.

Concept Introduction: Certain rules have to be followed while naming the carbonyl compounds. The longest carbon chain is one containing the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The suffix of aldehyde is -al and the suffix of the ketone is -one.

Answer to Problem 42A

The IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-Phenylacetaldehyde.

Explanation of Solution

The carbon chain containing the functional group is given priority and that is considered the parent chain. Here, the carbon chain containing aldehyde has two carbons and the benzene ring will be the substituent. Therefore, it is named as 2-Phenylacetaldehyde.