Chapter 23, Problem 3STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To explain how the carbonyl group is characterized.

Concept Introduction: Carbonyl group is the combination of carbon and oxygen double bound together. If the general formula of a carbonyl compound is $\text{RCHO}$ , then it is called an aldehyde and if it is ${\text{ROR}}^{\text{'}}$ , then it is called ketone. This difference between the aldehyde and the ketone is due to the position of the carbonyl group in the compound.

Answer to Problem 3STP

The correct option is B.

Explanation of Solution

The carbonyl compound can be characterized by a double bond between carbon and oxygen. Due to the presence of this double bond, the carbonyl compounds will have polar nature. This polarity is due to the electronegativity of oxygen which will attract the electrons of the bonds towards itself making the carbon partially positive and the oxygen partially negative.

Conclusion

The double bond between carbon and carbon is the characteristic feature of alkene and not the carbonyl compound. The single bond between carbon and nitrogen is generally seen in amines and the single bond between carbon and oxygen is generally seen in alcohols and ethers.