Chapter 22, Problem 60A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To determine the type of covalent bonds and name of the compounds.

Concept Introduction −

Covalent bond: This bond involves sharing of electrons between atoms.

Covalent bond can be of three types:

1. Single bond: It has only one sigma bond is present.
2. Double bond: It has one sigma and one pie bond present.
3. Triple bond: It has one sigma and two pie bonds present.

IUPAC nomenclature rules:

1. Parent chain name depends on the number of carbon atom present.
2. Suffix “ane” is used for alkanes, “ene” is used for alkenes and “yne”is used for alkynes.
3. The position of substituents is mentioned. The number of substituents is written as di, tri, tetra, penta, …
4. The format of naming is: $Prefix+substituentname+rootword+suffix$

Answer to Problem 60A

The compound contains carbon carbon two single bond and carbon carbon one triple bond. The name of compound is ethylene.

Explanation of Solution

As seen in structure of compound, it has two carbon atoms with one sigma and two pie bond. Hence, it has a triple bond, and it is an alkyne.

Therefore, the name of compound is ethylene.

Conclusion

Therefore, the compound contains carbon carbon two single bond and carbon carbon one triple bond. The name of compound is ethylene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To determine the type of covalent bonds and name of the compounds.

Introduction −

Covalent bond: This bond involves sharing of electrons between atoms.

Covalent bond can be of three types:

1. Single bond: It has only one sigma bond is present.
2. Double bond: It has one sigma and one pie bond present.
3. Triple bond: It has one sigma and two pie bonds present.

IUPAC nomenclature rules:

1. Parent chain name depends on the number of carbon atom present.
2. Suffix “ane” is used for alkanes, “ene” is used for alkenes and “yne”is used for alkynes.
3. The position of substituents is mentioned. The number of substituents is written as di, tri, tetra, penta, …

The format of naming is: $Prefix+substituentname+rootword+suffix$

Answer to Problem 60A

The compound contains only carbon carbon single covalent bonds and the name of compound is propane.

Explanation of Solution

As seen in compound it has carbon carbon single bond, hence it is alkanes. The parent chain contains three carbon atoms so the name of compound will be propane.

Conclusion

Therefore, the compound contains only carbon carbon single covalent bonds and the name of compound is propane.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To determine the type of covalent bonds and name of the compounds.

Introduction −

Covalent bond: This bond involves sharing of electrons between atoms.

Covalent bond can be of three types:

1. Single bond: It has only one sigma bond is present.
2. Double bond: It has one sigma and one pie bond present.
3. Triple bond: It has one sigma and two pie bonds present.

IUPAC nomenclature rules:

1. Parent chain name depends on the number of carbon atom present.
2. Suffix “ane” is used for alkanes, “ene” is used for alkenes and “yne”is used for alkynes.
3. The position of substituents is mentioned. The number of substituents is written as di, tri, tetra, penta, …

The format of naming is: $Prefix+substituentname+rootword+suffix$

Answer to Problem 60A

The compound contains three carbon carbon double bonds and three carbon carbon single bonds in a ring. The name of compound is $1-methylbenzene$

Explanation of Solution

The compound contains three carbon carbon double bonds and three carbon carbon single bonds alternatively in a ring. Hence it is a benzene ring. It contains a methyl substituent at first carbon.

Hence the name of compound is $1-methylbenzene$

Conclusion

Therefore, the compound contains three carbon carbon double bonds and three carbon carbon single bonds in a ring. The name of compound is $1-methylbenzene$