Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2, Problem 28CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Types of gametes plants can make having three copies of a chromosome and three copies of the gene TTt for height on that chromosome which are also heterozygous for the seed color Yy.
Introduction:
When an individual is found with three copies of a chromosome instead of two then it is an example of trisomy. Further, any gain or loss in the chromosome numbers from the 46 (normal) is referred to as aneuploidy. The common form of aneuploidy is trisomy. Aneuploidy occurs due to improper segregation of chromosomes.
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A 2n=4 plant is heterozygous at two genes, one controlling plant height (T = tall, t= short) and one
controlling disease resistance (D = resistant, d = susceptible). The plant height gene is located on one
chromosome, and the disease resistance gene is located on the other chromosome. In the cells below,
draw to two possible arrangements of the chromosomes at metaphse I of meiosis. Hint: look at Figure
2.17 in your textbook for an example of how chromosomes can be arranged at metaphase I. Be sure to
label the alleles present at the genes on the two chromosomes in each drawing.
00
We say that genes that are close together on the same chromosome are linked. What does that mean? Imagine that in a diploid nucleus, one chromosome has the allele R and right next to it on the same chromosome is the allele T for a different gene. Are these linked? Imagine that r is right next to t on the homologous chromosome. If this cell never undergoes meiosis, does this matter at all? If it does undergo meiosis, what are the two genotypes that the gametes are most likely to have? Look at Figure for help if you need it.
In corn, the genes v (virescent seedlings), pr (red aleurone), and bm (brown midrib) are all on chromosome 5, but not necessarily in the order given. The cross:
v+ pr bm/ v pr+ bm+ with v pr bm/ v pr bm produces 1000 progeny with the following phenotypes:
v+ pr bm 226
v pr+ bm+ 229
v+ pr bm+ 153
v pr+ bm 185
v+ pr+ bm 59
v pr bm+ 71
v+ pr+ bm+ 36
v pr bm 41
What is the gene order, and the (b) genetic map of these three genes?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 2.1 - 1. Experimental advantages of using pea plants...Ch. 2.1 - The term cross refers to an experiment in which a....Ch. 2.1 - 3. To avoid self-fertilization in his pea plants,...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 2.3 - A pea plant has the genotype rrYy. How many...Ch. 2.3 - A cross is made between a pea plant that is RrYy...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 2.4 - Which of the following would not be observed in a...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 2.5 - A cross is made between AABbCcDd and AaBbccdd...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 2.5 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 2 - 1. Why did Mendel’s work refute the idea of...Ch. 2 - 2. What is the difference between...Ch. 2 - 3. Describe the difference between genotype and...Ch. 2 - 4. With regard to genotypes, what is a...Ch. 2 - 5. How can you determine whether an organism is...Ch. 2 - In your own words, describe Mendels law of...Ch. 2 - Based on genes in pea plants that we have...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 2 - Do you know the genotype of an individual with a...Ch. 2 - 10. A cross is made between a pea plant that has...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 2 - 12. Describe the significance of nonparentals with...Ch. 2 - For the following pedigrees, describe what you...Ch. 2 - Ectrodactyly, also known as lobster claw syndrome,...Ch. 2 - Identical twins are produced from the same sperm...Ch. 2 - In cocker spaniels, solid coat color is dominant...Ch. 2 - A cross was made between a white male dog and two...Ch. 2 - 18. In humans, the allele for brown eye color (B)...Ch. 2 - Albinism, a condition characterized by a partial...Ch. 2 - A true-breeding tall plant was crossed to a dwarf...Ch. 2 - 21. For pea plants with the following genotypes,...Ch. 2 - 22. An individual has the genotypeand makes an...Ch. 2 - 23. In people with maple syrup urine disease, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 2 - 25. A true-breeding pea plant with round and Page...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 2 - 27. What are the expected phenotypic ratios from...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 2 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 2 - A pea plant that is dwarf with green, wrinkled...Ch. 2 - 31. A true-breeding plant with round and green...Ch. 2 - Wooly hair is a rare dominant trait found in...Ch. 2 - Huntington disease is a rare dominant trait that...Ch. 2 - 34. A woman with achondroplasia (a dominant form...Ch. 2 - 1. Describe three advantages of using pea plants...Ch. 2 - Explain the technical differences between a...Ch. 2 - 3. How long did it take Mendel to complete the...Ch. 2 - 4. For all seven characters described in the data...Ch. 2 - From the point of view of crosses and data...Ch. 2 - 6. As in many animals, albino coat color is a...Ch. 2 - 7. The fungus Melampsora lini causes a disease...Ch. 2 - For Mendels data for the experiment in Figure 2.8,...Ch. 2 - 9. Would it be possible to deduce the law of...Ch. 2 - In fruit flies, curved wings are recessive to...Ch. 2 - A recessive allele in mice results in an unusally...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12EQCh. 2 - Prob. 13EQCh. 2 - Prob. 14EQCh. 2 - 15. A cross was made between two strains of plants...Ch. 2 - A cross was made between two pea plants, TtAa and...Ch. 2 - Consider this four-factor cross: TtRryyAaTtRRYyaa,...
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- The following corn loci are on one arm of chromosome9 in the order indicated (the distances between themare shown in map units):c-bz-wx-sh-d-centromere12 8 10 20 10C gives colored aleurone; c, white aleurone.Bz gives green leaves; bz, bronze leaves.Wx gives starchy seeds; wx, waxy seeds.Sh gives smooth seeds; sh, shrunken seeds.D gives tall plants; d, dwarf.A plant from a standard stock that is homozygous for allfive recessive alleles is crossed with a wild-type plantfrom Mexico that is homozygous for all five dominantalleles. The F1 plants express all the dominant allelesand, when backcrossed to the recessive parent, give thefollowing progeny phenotypes:colored, green, starchy, smooth, tall 360white, bronze, waxy, shrunk, dwarf 355colored, bronze, waxy, shrunk, dwarf 40white, green, starchy, smooth, tall 46colored, green, starchy, smooth, dwarf 85white, bronze, waxy, shrunk, tall 84colored, bronze, waxy, shrunk, tall 8white, green, starchy, smooth, dwarf 9colored, green, waxy, smooth,…arrow_forwardThe genes F and G are on the same chromosome in a eukaryote. Using a microscope, you can see that a chiasma occurs between these two loci in 24% of the meioses. A double heterozygote could have genotype FG//fg, where the // represents the pair of homologous chromosomes that contain the F and G loci: one homolog contains F and G alleles and the other contains f and g. You cross this FG//fg individual to an fg//fg individual and examine their offspring. What proportion of the offspring do you expect to be Fg//fg? Group of answer choices 48% 6% None of these 12% 24%arrow_forwardIn the mapping example in Fig 2, the dominant alleles were on one chromosome and the recessive alleles were on the homolog. Let’s consider a twofactor cross in which the dominant allele for one gene is on onechromosome, but the dominant allele for a second gene is on thehomolog. A cross is made between AAbb and aaBB parents. The F1offspring are AaBb. The F1 heterozygotes are then testcrossed to aabbindividuals. What topic in genetics does this question address?arrow_forward
- Waxy endosperm (wx), virescent seedling (v), and shrunken endosperm (sh) are all recessive mutants in corn. Waxy and shrunken are both on chromosome IX, located 18 map units apart. Virescent is on chromosome V and is not linked to the other loci. A strain of corn that is homozygous for waxy and virescent is crossed to a strain that is homozygous for shrunken endosperm. The F1 were entirely wild type. An F1 individual was then test crossed to a strain that is homozygous for waxy, virescent, and shrunken. Of 1,000 offspring, how many of the offspring will be virescent and shrunken, but not waxy? Using the information from Problem 1, how many of the offspring will be waxy, virescent, and shrunken?arrow_forwardthree recessive genes a, b, and c in the model plant Arabidopsis are found to be linked on chromosome 4. A three point test cross is done with a homozygous recessive plant with a heterozygous for all three genes. Following is the number of progenies a b C 65 A B c 56 A B C 1267 a b c 1310 A b C 550 a B c 515 a B C 470 A b c 489 Total = 4,722 Determine the middle locus by your choice of method and after that calculate the map distance between the genes in map unit (m.u.).arrow_forwardIn the mapping example in Fig 2, the dominant alleles were on one chromosome and the recessive alleles were on the homolog. Let’s consider a twofactor cross in which the dominant allele for one gene is on onechromosome, but the dominant allele for a second gene is on thehomolog. A cross is made between AAbb and aaBB parents. The F1offspring are AaBb. The F1 heterozygotes are then testcrossed to aabbindividuals. Which F2 offspring are recombinant?arrow_forward
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