Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 5EQ
From the point of view of crosses and data collection, what are the experimental differences between a single-factor and a two-factor cross?
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How is the chi-square goodness-of-fit test used to analyze genetic crosses? What does the probability associated with a chi-square value indicate about the results of a cross?
All crosses involve many more than one character. So far, only one character has been examined to help
simplify the principles involved. Now, two pairs of alleles or two characters will be examined at the same
time. In working the following problem, each pair of characteristics is on a different chromosome and will
be inherited independently of the other (Principle of Independent Assortment).
Problem 1: In garden peas, a homozygous recessive male plant with wrinkled, green seeds is crossed
with a plant that is homozygous dominant for round, yellow seeds. Use this information to complete the
following:
Male
phenotype=
genotype=
gametes=
F2
phenotype=
genotype =
gametes=
F, phenotype=
F₁ genotype =
Female
Figure 12.10
Punnett Square for F₁
The F, genotype should be all RrYy.
The gametes are formed from various combinations of these alleles. Each gamete must have one R and
one Y. For example, the F, male gametes will be RY, Ry, rY, ry. Would the female gametes be the same as
the male or…
in three points mapping one parent has the A+C/+b+ genotype that was crossed to a homozygous recessive second parent.
a)what is the genotype of this second parent?
b)what are the genotypes of the double cross over offspring?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 2.1 - 1. Experimental advantages of using pea plants...Ch. 2.1 - The term cross refers to an experiment in which a....Ch. 2.1 - 3. To avoid self-fertilization in his pea plants,...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 2.3 - A pea plant has the genotype rrYy. How many...Ch. 2.3 - A cross is made between a pea plant that is RrYy...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 2.4 - Which of the following would not be observed in a...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 2.5 - A cross is made between AABbCcDd and AaBbccdd...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 2.5 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 2 - 1. Why did Mendel’s work refute the idea of...Ch. 2 - 2. What is the difference between...Ch. 2 - 3. Describe the difference between genotype and...Ch. 2 - 4. With regard to genotypes, what is a...Ch. 2 - 5. How can you determine whether an organism is...Ch. 2 - In your own words, describe Mendels law of...Ch. 2 - Based on genes in pea plants that we have...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 2 - Do you know the genotype of an individual with a...Ch. 2 - 10. A cross is made between a pea plant that has...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 2 - 12. Describe the significance of nonparentals with...Ch. 2 - For the following pedigrees, describe what you...Ch. 2 - Ectrodactyly, also known as lobster claw syndrome,...Ch. 2 - Identical twins are produced from the same sperm...Ch. 2 - In cocker spaniels, solid coat color is dominant...Ch. 2 - A cross was made between a white male dog and two...Ch. 2 - 18. In humans, the allele for brown eye color (B)...Ch. 2 - Albinism, a condition characterized by a partial...Ch. 2 - A true-breeding tall plant was crossed to a dwarf...Ch. 2 - 21. For pea plants with the following genotypes,...Ch. 2 - 22. An individual has the genotypeand makes an...Ch. 2 - 23. In people with maple syrup urine disease, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 2 - 25. A true-breeding pea plant with round and Page...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 2 - 27. What are the expected phenotypic ratios from...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 2 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 2 - A pea plant that is dwarf with green, wrinkled...Ch. 2 - 31. A true-breeding plant with round and green...Ch. 2 - Wooly hair is a rare dominant trait found in...Ch. 2 - Huntington disease is a rare dominant trait that...Ch. 2 - 34. A woman with achondroplasia (a dominant form...Ch. 2 - 1. Describe three advantages of using pea plants...Ch. 2 - Explain the technical differences between a...Ch. 2 - 3. How long did it take Mendel to complete the...Ch. 2 - 4. For all seven characters described in the data...Ch. 2 - From the point of view of crosses and data...Ch. 2 - 6. As in many animals, albino coat color is a...Ch. 2 - 7. The fungus Melampsora lini causes a disease...Ch. 2 - For Mendels data for the experiment in Figure 2.8,...Ch. 2 - 9. Would it be possible to deduce the law of...Ch. 2 - In fruit flies, curved wings are recessive to...Ch. 2 - A recessive allele in mice results in an unusally...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12EQCh. 2 - Prob. 13EQCh. 2 - Prob. 14EQCh. 2 - 15. A cross was made between two strains of plants...Ch. 2 - A cross was made between two pea plants, TtAa and...Ch. 2 - Consider this four-factor cross: TtRryyAaTtRRYyaa,...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Individuals of genotype AaBb were mated to individuals of genotype aabb. One thousand offspring were counted, with the following results: 474 Aabb, 480 aaBb, 20 AaBb, and 26 aabb. What type of cross is it? Are these loci linked? What are the two parental classes and the two recombinant classes of offspring? What is the percentage of recombination between these two loci? How many map units apart are they?arrow_forwardUsing the forked-line, or branch diagram, method, determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of these trihybrid crosses: (a) AaBbCc * AaBBCC, (b) AaBBCc * aaBBCc, and (c) AaBbCc * AaBbCc.arrow_forwardYou perform a cross between a parent with the genotype WWiiNNttEErr and another parent that is wwllnnTTeerr. All genes are unlinked except for W and I which are 22 mu apart. You take an F1 from this cross and cross it with an individual that is wwiiNntteerr. a) What is the probability that this final cross yields an offspring that is wwiinntteerr? b) What is the probability that this final cross yields an offspring that is NNTT or Nntt. (You can ignore all of the other genes for this question.)arrow_forward
- Why are some crosses not performed in a complementation matrix?arrow_forwardFor linkage analysis, a test cross is used rather than a hybrid cross. Why is this essential? Why would a hybrid cross result in incorrect estimates of genetic distance?arrow_forwardWhat is the probability of producing a child that will phenotypically resemble either one (one OR the other) of the two parents in the following crosses? a) Aa bb cc dd X AA BB CC DD b) Aa Bb Cc Dd X Aa Bb Cc Dd c) Aa bb cc dd X aa bb cc dd Make sure to show your work in details.arrow_forward
- What is meant by test cross and how is it significant to genetics?arrow_forwardWhat are the expected phenotypic ratios in the offspring of the following crosses (written as red : orange : green)? Use the most simplified ratio (e.g. 1 : 4 instead of 2 : 8). Fill in 0 if none of the offspring from a cross will be a particular color. RRgg x rrGg - red : orange : green RrGg x RrGg - red : orange : green RrGg x rrGg - red : orange : greenarrow_forwardHow to utilize Punnett squares to predict the results of mono hybrid and dihybrid crosses?arrow_forward
- Why is it more efficient to perform a test cross with a homozygous recessive donor than a homozygous dominant donor? How could the same information still be found with a homozygous dominant donor?arrow_forwardIndividuals of genotype AaBb were mated to individuals of genotype aabb. One thousand offspring were counted, with the following results: 474 Aabb, 480 aaBb, 20 AaBb, and 26 aabb. What type of cross is it? Are these locilinked? What are the two parental classes and the two recombinant classes of offspring? What is the percentage of recombination between these two loci? How many map units apart are they?arrow_forwardAs a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results in abnormallylong tails. You initially have a true-breeding strain with normaltails and a true-breeding strain with long tails. You then make thefollowing types of crosses:Cross 1: When true-breeding females with normal tails arecrossed to true-breeding males with long tails, all F1 offspringhave long tails.Cross 2: When true-breeding females with long tails arecrossed to true-breeding males with normal tails, all F1 offspring have normal tails.Cross 3: When F1 females from cross 1 are crossed to true-breeding males with normal tails, all offspring have normal tailsCross 4: When F1 males from cross 1 are crossed to truebreeding females with long tails, half of the offspring havenormal tails and half have long tails.Explain the pattern of inheritance of this trait.arrow_forward
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