Concept explainers
A recessive allele in mice results in an unusally long neck. Sometimes, during early embryonic development, the long neck causes the embryo to die. An experimenter began with a population of true-breeding normal mice and true-breeding mice with long necks. Crosses were made between these two populations to produce an
522 mice with normal necks
62 mice with long necks
What percentage of homozygous mice (that would have had long necks if they had survived) died during embryonic development?
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Genetics: Analysis and Principles
- A pet shop owner who specialized in breeding smooth coated white guinea pigs decided to introduce a new line of guinea pigs. He felt that a rough coated white animal would be very popular, and to develop such an animal he ordered a pair of guinea pigs from another breeder who specialized in rough coated tan animals. The pet shop owner then crossed the new rough tan male with one of his smooth white females. All of the offspring from this cross had tan fur and rough coats. The shop owner was disappointed but set out to solve his problem by trying the five approaches below. Which one of the five would have the best chance of producing a rough coated white animal Crossed two smooth white guinea pigs. Crossed a rough tan male offspring from his first cross with a rough tan female offspring from his first cross. Crossed the pair of rough tan animals he had obtained from the other breeder. Crossed a rough tan male offspring from his first cross with a smooth white female.…arrow_forwardA geneticist discovers an obese mouse in his laboratory colony. He breeds this obese mouse with a normal mouse. All the F1 mice from this cross are all normal in size. When he interbreeds two F1 mice, eight of the F2 mice are normal in size and two are obese. The geneticist then intercrosses two of his obese mice, and he finds that all of the progeny from this cross are obese. These results lead the geneticist to conclude that obesity in mice results from a recessive allele. A second geneticist at a different university also discovers an obese mouse in her laboratory colony. She carries out the same crosses as the first geneticist did and obtains the same results. She also concludes that obesity in mice results from a recessive allele. One day the two geneticists meet at a genetics conference, learn of each other’s experiments, and decide to exchange mice. They both find that when they cross two obese mice from the different laboratories, all the offspring are normal, but when they…arrow_forwardThree pairs of brown rats were crossed. These crossings produce progenies with the following ratios: Pair 1: All the progenies were brown. Crossing between these progenies produced an F2 generation with all brown rats. Pair 2: About ¾ of the F1 progenies are brown and ¼ are white. If a pair of white F1 progeny is crossed, it will produce progenies that are all white. But if a pair of brown F1 progeny is crossed, not all F2 progenies are brown. Pair 3: All the F1 progenies were brown. When these progenies are crossed with white rats, half of the F2 progenies are white and half are brown. Based on the information given above, answer these questions: (a) How many genes are involved in controlling the coat colour of rat? (b) Give suitable symbols to represent all the genes. (c) Draw cross diagrams to describe all the crosses.arrow_forward
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- Gene “A” and gene “B” are not linked. Each has two alleles. The A allele is dominant over the a allele and the B allele is dominant over the b allele. Answer the following questions about a dihybrid (two-trait) cross. A) List all of the possible gametes (eggs) that could be produced by an individual with the genotype: aabb B) List all of the possible gametes (sperm) that could be produced by an individual with the genotype: AaBB C) Fill out a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross cross between the two individuals listed above (aabb x AaBB). What percent of the offspring from this cross would have the dominant phenotype for both traits?arrow_forwardTwo recessive traits in mice are droopy ears and flaky tails. A true-breeding mouse with normal ears (De) and a flakey tail (ft) was crossed to a true-breeding mouse with droopy ears (de) and a normal tail (Ft). The F1 offspring were then crossed to mice with droopy ears and flaky tails. This cross produced the following 100 offspring... 4 droopy ears, flaky tail 2 normal ears, normal tail 46 normal ears, flaky tail 48 droopy ears, normal tail 1) Looking at the offspring, do you believe the genes are linked or unlinked? Support your answer. 2) What is the genotype of the P1 generation organisms? 3) What is the genotype of the F1 generation? DELLarrow_forwardA population geneticist collected 400 deer mice from the wild. All have normal ears. She raised about 800 animals in each of the following four generations (random mating) and found that all except one male in the fourth generation had normal ears. This male was earless but was otherwise wild-type and fertile. Suggest 3 possible causes that could lead to the appearance of this earless male. What kinds of experimental crosses would you carry out to distinguish between these three alternatives?arrow_forward
- The parental genotypes for a series of crosses are wild-type male fruit flies mated to females with white eyes (wh) and miniature (min) wings. The phenotypes of the F1 generation were wild-type females, and males with white eyes, and miniature wings. These flies were allowed to mate with each other and produced the following offspring: Red eyes, long wings White eyes, miniature wings Red eyes, miniature wings White eyes, long wings 770 716 401 318 Total 2205 A. Are these genes linked? Why or why not?arrow_forwardIn guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant to smooth coat (r). If a homozygous rough-coated animal is crossed with a smooth-coated one: What will be the phenotype(s) of the F1 generation? What will be the phenotype(s) of the F2 generation? What will be the phenotype(s) of the offspring resulting from a cross of an F1 individual back to its rough parent? What will be the phenotype(s) of the offspring of a cross of an F1 individual back to its smooth parent?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are tending a mouse colony at a genetic research institute, and one day you discover a mouse with twisted ears. You breed this mouse with twisted ears and find that the trait is inherited. Both male and female mice may have twisted ears, but when you cross a twisted-eared male with a normal-eared female, you obtain results that differ from those obtained when you cross a twisted-eared female with a normal-eared male: the reciprocal crosses give different results. Describe how you would determine whether this trait results from a sexlinked gene, a sex-influenced gene, genetic maternal effect, a cytoplasmically inherited gene, or genomic imprinting. What crosses would you conduct, and what results would be expected with these different types of inheritance?arrow_forward
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