Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 5P
a. About how many molecules of histone H2A would be required in a typical human cell just after the completion of S phase, assuming an average nucleosome spacing of 200 bp? |
b. During what stage of the cell cycle is it most crucial to synthesize new histone proteins? |
c. The human genome contains 60 histone genes, with 10–15 genes of each type (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). Why do you think the genome contains multiple copies of each histone gene |
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Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and if false, replace the
underlined words with the correct one.
1. Heterochromatin is typically gene-rich and composed of
loosely-packed DNA that is transcriptionally active.
2. Molecular switches regulate the expression of genes by directing
where and when genes should be turned on or off depending on the
cell signal.
3. DNA Methylation and acetylation of histones are inverselycorrelated
4. Specialized cells produce specialized proteins derived from luxury
genes which are constitutively expressed.
5. In mammals, methylation patterns that regulate DNA structure and
gene expression become evident from the gastrula stage.
In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is tightly packed in the form of chromatin. His-
tones are positively charged proteins. Negatively charged DNA wraps tightly
around these proteins to form nucleosomes. Additionally, there are other
mechanisms for the compaction of chromatin.
(a) Which histone(s) are critical for higher-order chromatin structure?
(b) What are the non-histone proteins responsible for structural
maintenance of chromosomes?
(c) To initiate transcription, compact DNA must partially unwind. Explain
the role of histones in this process.
(d) Micrococcal nuclease can cleaves DNA at sites where it can access DNA
without any specificity of binding to a particular sequence. If chromatin is
digested with this nuclease, even for longer periods, a uniform length of
146 bp DNA fragments will be formed. Explain.
1a. Provide a paper published in a scientific journal between January 2018 and September 2022 that addresses the role of an example of histone modification in affecting expression of a gene by altering histone acetylation/chromatin state of the DNA encoding that gene. What organism and/or cell type did the authors do their study in?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 12 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 12 - Many proteins other than histones are found...Ch. 12 - What difference exists between the compaction of...Ch. 12 - What is the role of the core histones in...Ch. 12 - a. About how many molecules of histone H2A would...Ch. 12 - The enzyme micrococcal nuclease can cleave...Ch. 12 - a. What letters are used to represent the short...Ch. 12 - About 2000 G bands are visible in a...Ch. 12 - Suppose you performed a fluorescence in situ...Ch. 12 - Which of the following would be suggested by a...
Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs of chromatin...Ch. 12 - a. Drosophila b. Humans Give examples of...Ch. 12 - One histone modification that is seen consistently...Ch. 12 - Recently, scientists constructed a transgene that...Ch. 12 - Drosophila geneticists have isolated many...Ch. 12 - On the following figures, genes A and B are on the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17PCh. 12 - The first page of this chapter displays photos of...Ch. 12 - The human genome contains about 3 billion base...Ch. 12 - The mitotic cell divisions in the early embryo of...Ch. 12 - In an experiment published in the journal Cell in...Ch. 12 - a. What DNA sequences are found at the telomeres...Ch. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - a. In a fluorescent in situ hybridization FISH...Ch. 12 - If you are comparing the two telomeres in each...Ch. 12 - a. What DNA sequences are commonly found at human...Ch. 12 - On the graphs presented in Problem 21, no data is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 29PCh. 12 - Prob. 30PCh. 12 - In the 1920s, Barbara McClintock, later a Nobel...Ch. 12 - Give at least one example of a chromosomal...Ch. 12 - Cornelia de Lange syndrome CdLS is a rare human...Ch. 12 - a. Give at least three examples of types of...Ch. 12 - A number of yeast-derived elements were added to...Ch. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - The completely synthetic yeast chromosome Syn III...
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