a.
Interpretation:
For the clopidogrel compound the chirality centers has to be labeled and number of chiral centers should be determined
Concept introduction:
Chirality center:
When a carbon atom is bonded to four different groups, then that carbon is named as chiral carbon and it is called as chirality center. Generally, the carbon atom contains tetrahedral valency, therefore it bonded to four atoms or molecules. The chiral center is bonded with four different elements or groups. If the single carbon atom is bonded to two or more identical group or atom, then it is also not considered as chiral carbon. In addition to this, if the carbon atom contains multiple bond then it does not able to bond with four different groups then it is not considered to be as a chirality center.
b.
Interpretation:
For the clopidogrel compound, Fischer projection formula has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Fischer projections:
In Fischer projection, the chirality center of the organic compounds are drawn using the following convention. First, the carbon atom is placed at the meeting point of the two lines of the cross. In a tetrahedron structure, the horizontal bonds indicate forward and denoted by wedges. The vertical bonds indicate backward and denoted by dashed lines. Finally, Fischer projection structure is abbreviated by cross formula.
Enantiomers:
Enantiomers are mirror image of one another and these are chiral molecules, but that are non superimposable on one another.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry
- Consider the ball-and-stick model of D, and label E and F as either identical to D or an enantiomer of Darrow_forwardA. Assign each chiral center as R or S B. draw a diastereomer of ephedrine.arrow_forwardLocate the stereogenic center in each compound and draw both enantiomers. b. HO, OH С. HO. NH2 a.arrow_forward
- Draw a mirror image for each compound. Label each compound as chiral or achiral.arrow_forwardC. Smelling Chirality. Carvone Olfactory receptors in our noses, used for the detection of odors, are chiral. Therefore, in some cases, we can tell the difference between enantiomers by their odor. Carvone is one such compound that we can distinguish between the R and S enantiomer by their odor. 1. Identify the chiral center in carvone and draw the R and S enantiomers in the indicated boxes. 2. Smell both of the enantiomers of carvone and provide a brief description of their odors in the same boxes. Carvone is perfectly safe to smell as both enantiomers are found in various foods. R-carvone S-carvonearrow_forwardDraw the structure for a compound with molecular formula C2H2I2F2 a. that is optically inactive because it does not have an asymmetric center. b. that is optically inactive because it is a meso compound. c. that is optically active.arrow_forward
- Locating Stereogenic Centers Locate the stereogenic centers in each drug. Albuterol is a bronchodilator— that is, it widens airways—so it is used to treat asthma. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic used extensively in developing countries because of its low cost.arrow_forwardConsider the following molecules (a-h) and answer the questions below:i. How many chiral carbon does it contains?ii. Does the molecule have any internal plane of symmetry?iii. Identify the molecule whether it is chiral of achiral?iv. Does it rotate the plane of polarized light?v. Is the molecule optically active?vi. Is meso compound present?vii. Draw all possible stereoisomers for the molecule in Fischer projection and label the relationship between each of the isomer.arrow_forwardConvert each three-dimensional representation into a Fischer projection.arrow_forward
- 3.A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is a/an A.achiral center B.chirality center C.symmetrical center D.symmetrical centerarrow_forwardSaquinavir (trade name Invirase) is a protease inhibitor, used to treat HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). a.Locate all stereogenic centers in saquinavir, and label each stereogenic center as R or S. b.Draw the enantiomer of saquinavir. c.Draw a diastereomer of saquinavir. d.Draw a constitutional isomer that contains at least one different functional group.arrow_forwardCaptopril is a drug used to treat high blood pressure and congestiveheart failure.Designate each stereogenic center as R or S.arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY