Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 2P
Match the hypothesis from the left column to the observation from the right column that gave rise to it.
| a. | existence of an inter- | 1. | two mutations affecting the mediate messenger same amino acid can recombine between DNA and to give wild type protein |
| b. | the genetic code is | 2. | one or two base deletions nonoverlapping (or insertions) in a gene disrupt its function; three base deletions (or insertions) are often compatible with function |
| c. | the codon is more than | 3. | artificial messages containing one |
| d. | the genetic code is based | 4. | protein synthesis occurs in the on triplets of bases cytoplasm, while DNA resides in the nucleus |
| e. | stop codon exist and | 5. | artificial messages with terminate translation different base sequences gave rise to different proteins in an in vitro translation system |
| f. | the amino acid sequence | 6. | single base substitutions affect of a protein depends on only one amino acid in the the base sequence of protein chain an mRNA |
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In a study of several families for differences in the sequence of a particular gene suspected to cause a disease. Resulting in the discovery of different mutations in the genes of some families. For each of the mutations, specify if it could change the size or the quantity of mRNA and/or protein product? What kind of change would you predict? Explain each answer briefly.
d. AAG378UAG
e. promoter mutation.
f. one base-pair insertion into codon #765
g. deletion of whole codon #765
h. G-to-A substitution in the 5' UTR
i. insertion of 100 base pairs into the fourth intron (this insertion does not alter splicing).
Table of the Standard Genetic Code
Middle base
5'- C_-3'
UCU Ser (S) |UAU Tyr (Y)
UCC Ser (S) UAC Tyr (Y)
UCA Ser (S)
UCG Ser (S)UAG Ter
CCU Pro (P) CAU His (H)
CCC Pro (P)
CCA Pro (P) CAA GIn (Q)
CCG Pro (P) CAG GIn (Q)
5'- _U -3'
5'-_A_-3'
5'-_G_-3'
5'-U_-3' UUU Phe (F)
5'-U_-3' UUC Phe (F)
5'-U_-3' |UUA Leu (L)
5'-U_-3' UUG Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' |CUU Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' |CUC Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' CUA Leu (L)
5'-C_ -3' CUG Leu (L)
UGU Cys (C) 5'-_U-3'
5'-_C-3'
5'-_A-3'
UGG Trp (W) 5'-_G-3'
5'- U-3'
5'-C-3'
5'-_A-3"
5'- G-3'
5'- U-3'
5'-_C-3'
5- А-3'
5'-_G-3'
GCU Ala (A) GAU Asp (D) GGU Gly (G) 5'-_U-3'
5'-C-3'
GGA Gly (G)5'-_A-3'
GGG Gly (G) 5'-_G-3'
UGC Cys (C)
UGA Ter
UAA Ter
CGU Arg (R)
CGC Arg (R)
CGA Arg (R)
CGG Arg (R)
ACU Thr (T)|AAU Asn (N) AGU Ser (S)
AAC Asn (N) AGC Ser (S)
AGA Arg (R)
AGG Arg (R)
CAC His (H)
5'-A_-3' |AUU lle (1)
5'-A_-3' AUC Ile (1)
5'-A_-3' |AUA lle (1)
5'-A_-3' |AUG Met (M) ACG Thr (T) AAG Lys (K)
5'-G_-3' GUU Val (V)
5'-G_-3' GUC Val (V)
5'-G_-3' GUA Val (V)…
Why might a single base-pair mutation in eukaryotic mRNA be less serious than one in prokaryotic mRNA?
a. If the mutation occurs in the 5' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product.
b. If the mutation occurs in the exon, it will not affect the gene product.
c. If the mutation occurs in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, only one gene product may
affected.
O d. If the mutation occurs in the intron or not in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, it will nc
affect the gene product.
O e. If the mutation occurs in the 3' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product.
OLIE STIC N 1A
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 8 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 8 - Match the hypothesis from the left column to the...Ch. 8 - How would the artificial mRNA 5GUGUGUGU . . . 3 be...Ch. 8 - An example of a portion of the T4 rIIB gene in...Ch. 8 - Consider Crick and Brenners experiments in Fig....Ch. 8 - The HbSsickle-cell allele of the human -globin...Ch. 8 - The following diagram describes the mRNA sequence...Ch. 8 - The amino acid sequence of part of a protein has...Ch. 8 - The results shown in Fig. 8.5 may have struck you...Ch. 8 - Identify all the amino acid-specifying codons in...
Ch. 8 - Before the technology existed to synthesize RNA...Ch. 8 - A particular protein has the amino acid sequence...Ch. 8 - How many possible open reading frames frames...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8 - Charles Yanofsky isolated many different trpA-...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a segment of mRNA, beginning with...Ch. 8 - You identify a proflavin-generated allele of a...Ch. 8 - Using recombinant DNA techniques which will be...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in transcription that require...Ch. 8 - Chapters 6 and 7 explained that mistakes made by...Ch. 8 - The coding sequence for gene F is read from left...Ch. 8 - If you mixed the mRNA of a human gene with the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - The Drosophila gene Dscam1 encodes proteins on the...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in translation that require...Ch. 8 - Locate as accurately as possible the listed items...Ch. 8 - Concerning the figure for Problem 26: a. Which...Ch. 8 - a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon...Ch. 8 - For parts a and b of Problem 28, consider the DNA...Ch. 8 - Remembering that the wobble base of the tRNA is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - The yeast gene encoding a protein found in the...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a complete eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following list of eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - The human gene for 2 lens crystallin has the...Ch. 8 - In prokaryotes, a search for genes in a DNA...Ch. 8 - a. The genetic code table shown in Fig. 8.2...Ch. 8 - a. Very few if any eukaryotic genes contain tracts...Ch. 8 - Explain how differences in the initiation of...Ch. 8 - Do you think each of the following types of...Ch. 8 - Null mutations are valuable genetic resources...Ch. 8 - The following is a list of mutations that have...Ch. 8 - Considering further the mutations described in...Ch. 8 - Adermatoglyphia described previously in Problem 18...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - You learned in Problem 21 in Chapter 7 that the...Ch. 8 - When 1 million cells of a culture of haploid yeast...Ch. 8 - Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though...Ch. 8 - A mutant B. adonis bacterium has a nonsense...Ch. 8 - You are studying mutations in a bacterial gene...Ch. 8 - Another class of suppressor mutations, not...Ch. 8 - Yet another class of suppressor mutations not...Ch. 8 - At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is known...Ch. 8 - An investigator was interested in studying UAG...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - In certain bacterial species, pyrrolysine Pyl,...Ch. 8 - Canavanine is an amino acid similar to arginine...
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