Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 54P
At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is known that can suppress more than one type of nonsense codon.
a. | What is the anticodon of such a suppressing tRNA? |
b. | What stop codons would it suppress? |
c. | Could this tRNA possibly also function as a missense suppressor? |
d. | What are the amino acids most likely to be carried by this suppressing tRNA? |
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At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is knownthat can suppress more than one type of nonsensecodon.a. What is the anticodon of such a suppressing tRNA?b. What stop codons would it suppress?c. Could this tRNA possibly also function as a missense suppressor?d. What are the amino acids most likely to be carriedby this suppressing tRNA?
28. a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon sequence 5' IAA? If so, which amino acid would it carry?
b. Answer the same question for the anticodon sequence 5' xm³s²UAA.
29. For parts (a) and (b) of Problem 28, consider the DNA sequences of the genes encoding the tRNAs. (Assume both tRNAs exist even
if that is not true.) What is the sequence of the RNA-like strand of each tRNA gene that corresponds to the tRNA's anticodon? What
is the sequence of the template strand of each gene for these same three nucleotides? Be sure to indicate polarities.
a. If a single transition occurs in a codon that specifies Phe, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? b. If a single transversion occurs in a codon that specifies Phe, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? c. If a single transition occurs in a codon that specifies Leu, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? d. If a single transversion occurs in a codon that specifies Leu, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 8 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 8 - Match the hypothesis from the left column to the...Ch. 8 - How would the artificial mRNA 5GUGUGUGU . . . 3 be...Ch. 8 - An example of a portion of the T4 rIIB gene in...Ch. 8 - Consider Crick and Brenners experiments in Fig....Ch. 8 - The HbSsickle-cell allele of the human -globin...Ch. 8 - The following diagram describes the mRNA sequence...Ch. 8 - The amino acid sequence of part of a protein has...Ch. 8 - The results shown in Fig. 8.5 may have struck you...Ch. 8 - Identify all the amino acid-specifying codons in...
Ch. 8 - Before the technology existed to synthesize RNA...Ch. 8 - A particular protein has the amino acid sequence...Ch. 8 - How many possible open reading frames frames...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8 - Charles Yanofsky isolated many different trpA-...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a segment of mRNA, beginning with...Ch. 8 - You identify a proflavin-generated allele of a...Ch. 8 - Using recombinant DNA techniques which will be...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in transcription that require...Ch. 8 - Chapters 6 and 7 explained that mistakes made by...Ch. 8 - The coding sequence for gene F is read from left...Ch. 8 - If you mixed the mRNA of a human gene with the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - The Drosophila gene Dscam1 encodes proteins on the...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in translation that require...Ch. 8 - Locate as accurately as possible the listed items...Ch. 8 - Concerning the figure for Problem 26: a. Which...Ch. 8 - a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon...Ch. 8 - For parts a and b of Problem 28, consider the DNA...Ch. 8 - Remembering that the wobble base of the tRNA is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - The yeast gene encoding a protein found in the...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a complete eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following list of eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - The human gene for 2 lens crystallin has the...Ch. 8 - In prokaryotes, a search for genes in a DNA...Ch. 8 - a. The genetic code table shown in Fig. 8.2...Ch. 8 - a. Very few if any eukaryotic genes contain tracts...Ch. 8 - Explain how differences in the initiation of...Ch. 8 - Do you think each of the following types of...Ch. 8 - Null mutations are valuable genetic resources...Ch. 8 - The following is a list of mutations that have...Ch. 8 - Considering further the mutations described in...Ch. 8 - Adermatoglyphia described previously in Problem 18...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - You learned in Problem 21 in Chapter 7 that the...Ch. 8 - When 1 million cells of a culture of haploid yeast...Ch. 8 - Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though...Ch. 8 - A mutant B. adonis bacterium has a nonsense...Ch. 8 - You are studying mutations in a bacterial gene...Ch. 8 - Another class of suppressor mutations, not...Ch. 8 - Yet another class of suppressor mutations not...Ch. 8 - At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is known...Ch. 8 - An investigator was interested in studying UAG...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - In certain bacterial species, pyrrolysine Pyl,...Ch. 8 - Canavanine is an amino acid similar to arginine...
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- What is the primary difference betwee class I and class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. a. Class I synthetases acylate the terminal 2’ hydroxyl group of tRNAs; Class II synthetases acylate the terminal 3’ hydroxyl group of tRNAs. b. Class I synthetases acylate the terminal 3’ hydroxyl group of tRNAs; Class II synthetases acylate the terminal 2’ hydroxyl group of tRNAs. c. Class I synthetases acylate tRNAs with hydrophobic amino acids; Class II synthetases acylate tRNAs with polar amino acids. d. Class I synthetases acylate tRNAs with polar amino acids; Class II synthetases acylate tRNAs with hydrophobic amino acids.arrow_forwardThe wobble rules for tRNA-mRNA pairing are shown. If we assume that the tRNAs do not containmodified bases, what is the minimum number of tRNAs needed to recognize the codons for the following types of amino acids? A. Leucine B. Methionine C. Serinearrow_forwardSuppose the following peptide chain was attached to a gly -tRNA during translation : met -leu-asp -glu-asn -cys gly - tRNA a. If the next incoming tRNA carries serine , where will serine be added to the growing polypeptide chain ? Write the new peptide chain. Label both ends of the peptide . b. Where in the ribosome are the peptide chains located ? 1. New chain 2. Old chainarrow_forward
- 2c) Give 3 different tRNA anticodon sequences that could be mutated by a single base substitution into that suppressor tRNA anticodon (the one that would match and suppress the 5'UAA3' stop codon) and name the amino acid that would be carried by each tRNA whose anticodon you have listedarrow_forwardWhen the amino acid levels in eukaryotic cells are low, general protein synthesis is reduced. Gcn4 translation, however, is increased. A. What would happen under high and low amino acid conditions if only one of the upstream ORFs were deleted from Gcn4? B. What would happen under high and low amino acid conditions if all of the upstream ORFs were deleted from Gcn4?arrow_forwardConsider the mRNA base sequence 5' ACC CAC 3'. what dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? * A. Asparagine- Histidine B. Lysine -Serine C. Aspartic Acid - Histidine D. Lysine-Glysine Look at the following sequence, " THE FAT CAT ATE THE CAT" Remove the first "H" and regroup the letters in group of three. What type of mutation? * A. Deletion-Frameshift B. Insertion- frameshift C. Substitution-Deletion D. Substitution-Insertion Which of the following types of RNA is involved in the transcription phase of protein synthesis? * A. rRNA B. tRNA C. hnRNA D. no correct response A tRNA molecule has the anticodon 5' AAG 3', with which mRNA codon will this anticodon interact? * A. 5' AAG 3 B. 5' CUU 3' C. 3' GAA 5'…arrow_forward
- Consider the mRNA base sequence 5' ACC CAC 3'. what dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? * A. Asparagine- Histidine B. Lysine -Serine C. Aspartic Acid - Histidine D. Lysine-Glysine Look at the following sequence, " THE FAT CAT ATE THE CAT" Remove the first "H" and regroup the letters in group of three. What type of mutation? * A. Deletion-Frameshift B. Insertion- frameshift C. Substitution-Deletion D. Substitution-Insertion Which of the following types of RNA is involved in the transcription phase of protein synthesis? * A. rRNA B. tRNA C. hnRNA D. no correct response A tRNA molecule has the anticodon 5' AAG 3', with which mRNA codon will this anticodon interact? * A. 5' AAG 3 B. 5' CUU 3' C. 3' GAA 5'…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a general feature of tRNA? A. All TRNAS contain 4 loops, the anticodon loop, the hydroxy-uridine and methylcytosine loops and a variable loop B. The tertiary structure of tRNAs is L-shaped C. All ERNAS contain anti-codons D. All TRNAS contain amino acids attached to the 3'-OH end E. All ERNAS contain the rare nucleotides, hydroxyuridine and methyl cytosinearrow_forwardA. What amino acid sequence is encoded by the codon sequence AUAAUGGUAACGGUU? B. Suppose the codon sequence AGACACUCUAUUAAA has a single base pair mutation to AGACACUCUUUUAAA. If the old protein sequence was Arg-His-Ser-Ile-Lys, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene?arrow_forward
- 2b) What anticodon would a suppressor tRNA have to have to suppress a 5'UAA3' stop codon?arrow_forward28. a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon sequence 5' IAA? If so, which amino acid would it carry? b. Answer the same question for the anticodon sequence 5' xm5s²UAA.arrow_forward1c) Give the anticodon of the tRNA that would be a "wobble match" for the codon 5'AGG3'.arrow_forward
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