Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 12P
A particular protein has the amino acid sequence
N…Ala-Pro-His-Trp-Arg-Lys-Gly-Val-Thr …C within its primary structure. A geneticist studying mutations affecting this protein discovered that several of the mutants produced shortened protein molecules that terminated within this region. In one of them, the His became the terminal amino acid.
a. | What DNA single-base change(s) would cause the protein to terminate at the His residue? |
b. | What other potential sites do you see in the DNA sequence encoding this protein where mutation of a single base pair would cause premature termination of translation? |
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A single base addition and a single base deletion approximately 15 bases apart in the mRNA specifying the protein lysozyme from the bacterial virus T4 caused a change in the protein from its wil-type composition….lys-ser-pro-ser-leu-asn-ala-ala-lys…..to the mutant form lys-val-his-his-leu-met-ala-alalys.a. Decipher the segment of mRNA for both the original protein and the double mutant.b. Which base was added? Which was deleted?
5'....TACTGCCCATGCCCAGAGAGAAAGCGCAGACGCGTCTAA actgt... 3'
a). (10 points). In the above sequences, the open reading frame is indicated by alternating
non-underlined and underlined triplets. Please use the codon table to deduce the amino
acid sequence for the region shown in the wildtype protein.
Wildtype AA sequence for the region around mutation #1:
Wildtype AA sequence for the region around mutation #2:
b). (10 points). Please make predictions what molecular change mutation #1 and mutation
#2 cause.
c). (5 points). Which mutation is more likely to abrogate the protein function? Why?
You would like to add a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) of Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys to a
protein that is usually found in the cytoplasm of a yeast cell. To accomplish this, you
introduce the nucleotide sequence encoding the NLS into the gene that encodes the
cytoplasmic protein of interest.
a. What is the size of the nucleotide insert that will encode the NLS? Briefly explain.
5'
3'
b. Below is a diagram of the gene encoding the cytoplasmic protein of interest in
the yeast genome. If your goal is to put the NLS at the carboxyl (C) terminus of
the protein, at which location (A-E) should the NLS be inserted? Briefly explain.
A
TATAA
ATATT
promoter
+1
B
ATG
TAC
D
TAA
ATT
stop
codon
E
3'
5'
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 8 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 8 - Match the hypothesis from the left column to the...Ch. 8 - How would the artificial mRNA 5GUGUGUGU . . . 3 be...Ch. 8 - An example of a portion of the T4 rIIB gene in...Ch. 8 - Consider Crick and Brenners experiments in Fig....Ch. 8 - The HbSsickle-cell allele of the human -globin...Ch. 8 - The following diagram describes the mRNA sequence...Ch. 8 - The amino acid sequence of part of a protein has...Ch. 8 - The results shown in Fig. 8.5 may have struck you...Ch. 8 - Identify all the amino acid-specifying codons in...
Ch. 8 - Before the technology existed to synthesize RNA...Ch. 8 - A particular protein has the amino acid sequence...Ch. 8 - How many possible open reading frames frames...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8 - Charles Yanofsky isolated many different trpA-...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a segment of mRNA, beginning with...Ch. 8 - You identify a proflavin-generated allele of a...Ch. 8 - Using recombinant DNA techniques which will be...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in transcription that require...Ch. 8 - Chapters 6 and 7 explained that mistakes made by...Ch. 8 - The coding sequence for gene F is read from left...Ch. 8 - If you mixed the mRNA of a human gene with the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - The Drosophila gene Dscam1 encodes proteins on the...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in translation that require...Ch. 8 - Locate as accurately as possible the listed items...Ch. 8 - Concerning the figure for Problem 26: a. Which...Ch. 8 - a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon...Ch. 8 - For parts a and b of Problem 28, consider the DNA...Ch. 8 - Remembering that the wobble base of the tRNA is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - The yeast gene encoding a protein found in the...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a complete eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following list of eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - The human gene for 2 lens crystallin has the...Ch. 8 - In prokaryotes, a search for genes in a DNA...Ch. 8 - a. The genetic code table shown in Fig. 8.2...Ch. 8 - a. Very few if any eukaryotic genes contain tracts...Ch. 8 - Explain how differences in the initiation of...Ch. 8 - Do you think each of the following types of...Ch. 8 - Null mutations are valuable genetic resources...Ch. 8 - The following is a list of mutations that have...Ch. 8 - Considering further the mutations described in...Ch. 8 - Adermatoglyphia described previously in Problem 18...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - You learned in Problem 21 in Chapter 7 that the...Ch. 8 - When 1 million cells of a culture of haploid yeast...Ch. 8 - Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though...Ch. 8 - A mutant B. adonis bacterium has a nonsense...Ch. 8 - You are studying mutations in a bacterial gene...Ch. 8 - Another class of suppressor mutations, not...Ch. 8 - Yet another class of suppressor mutations not...Ch. 8 - At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is known...Ch. 8 - An investigator was interested in studying UAG...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - In certain bacterial species, pyrrolysine Pyl,...Ch. 8 - Canavanine is an amino acid similar to arginine...
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