Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 7P
The following diagram describes the mRNA sequence of part of the A gene and the beginning of the B gene of phage ϕX174. In this phage, some genes are read in overlapping reading frames. For example, the code for the A gene is used for part of the B gene, but the reading frame is displaced by one base. Shown here is the single mRNA with the codons for proteins A and B indicated.
aa# 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
A AlaLysGluTrpAsnAsnSerLeuLysThrLysLeu
mRNA GCUAAAGAAUGGAACAACUCACUAAAAACCAAGCUG
B MetGluGlnLeuThrLysAsnGlnAla
aa# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Given the following amino acid (aa) changes, indicate the base change that occurred in the mRNA and the consequences for the other protein sequence.
a. | Asn at position 10 in protein A is changed to Tyr. |
b. | Leu at position 12 in protein A is changed to Pro. |
c. | Gln at position 8 in protein B is changed to Leu. |
d. | The occurrence of overlapping reading frames is very rare in nature. When it does occur, the extent of the overlap is not very long. Why do you think this is the case? |
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Below is the double stranded DNA sequence of part of a hypothetical yeast genome encoding a very small gene. Transcription starts at nucleotide
immediately following the promoter. The termination sequence is TATCTC. How many amino acids will this protein have?
5' TCATGAGATA GCCATGCACTA AGGCATCTGA GTTTATATCT CA 3'
3' AGTACTCTAT CGGTACGTGAT TCCGTAGACT CAAATATAGA GT 5'
Shown below are three genes (gene 1, gene 2, and gene 3) located on the same bacterial chromosome.
a) Indicate where on the diagram you would find the following for each gene:
Promoter (p1 for gene 1, p2 for gene 2, and p3 for gene 3)
Transcription termination site (tts1, tts2, and tts3)
Start codon (start1, start2, and start3)
Stop codon (stop1, stop2, and stop3)
Template strand (ts1, ts2, and ts3), the DNA strand that directs RNA synthesis
Be sure to indicate the component on the appropriate molecule (DNA or RNA).
Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of ABC gene, which encodes ABC protein.
Transeriptional terminator
Promoter
Intron 1
Intron 2
1 100
s100 base pairs
1100
2100
3100
4100
Positions 200-203 = Start codon
Positions 4800-4802 = Stop codon
Figure 2.
(i)
The transcript first produced by ABC gene would be approximately how many
nucleotides long?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 8 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 8 - Match the hypothesis from the left column to the...Ch. 8 - How would the artificial mRNA 5GUGUGUGU . . . 3 be...Ch. 8 - An example of a portion of the T4 rIIB gene in...Ch. 8 - Consider Crick and Brenners experiments in Fig....Ch. 8 - The HbSsickle-cell allele of the human -globin...Ch. 8 - The following diagram describes the mRNA sequence...Ch. 8 - The amino acid sequence of part of a protein has...Ch. 8 - The results shown in Fig. 8.5 may have struck you...Ch. 8 - Identify all the amino acid-specifying codons in...
Ch. 8 - Before the technology existed to synthesize RNA...Ch. 8 - A particular protein has the amino acid sequence...Ch. 8 - How many possible open reading frames frames...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8 - Charles Yanofsky isolated many different trpA-...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a segment of mRNA, beginning with...Ch. 8 - You identify a proflavin-generated allele of a...Ch. 8 - Using recombinant DNA techniques which will be...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in transcription that require...Ch. 8 - Chapters 6 and 7 explained that mistakes made by...Ch. 8 - The coding sequence for gene F is read from left...Ch. 8 - If you mixed the mRNA of a human gene with the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - The Drosophila gene Dscam1 encodes proteins on the...Ch. 8 - Describe the steps in translation that require...Ch. 8 - Locate as accurately as possible the listed items...Ch. 8 - Concerning the figure for Problem 26: a. Which...Ch. 8 - a. Can a tRNA exist that has the anticodon...Ch. 8 - For parts a and b of Problem 28, consider the DNA...Ch. 8 - Remembering that the wobble base of the tRNA is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - The yeast gene encoding a protein found in the...Ch. 8 - The sequence of a complete eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following list of eukaryotic gene...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - The human gene for 2 lens crystallin has the...Ch. 8 - In prokaryotes, a search for genes in a DNA...Ch. 8 - a. The genetic code table shown in Fig. 8.2...Ch. 8 - a. Very few if any eukaryotic genes contain tracts...Ch. 8 - Explain how differences in the initiation of...Ch. 8 - Do you think each of the following types of...Ch. 8 - Null mutations are valuable genetic resources...Ch. 8 - The following is a list of mutations that have...Ch. 8 - Considering further the mutations described in...Ch. 8 - Adermatoglyphia described previously in Problem 18...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - You learned in Problem 21 in Chapter 7 that the...Ch. 8 - When 1 million cells of a culture of haploid yeast...Ch. 8 - Why is a nonsense suppressor tRNATyr, even though...Ch. 8 - A mutant B. adonis bacterium has a nonsense...Ch. 8 - You are studying mutations in a bacterial gene...Ch. 8 - Another class of suppressor mutations, not...Ch. 8 - Yet another class of suppressor mutations not...Ch. 8 - At least one nonsense suppressing tRNA is known...Ch. 8 - An investigator was interested in studying UAG...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - In certain bacterial species, pyrrolysine Pyl,...Ch. 8 - Canavanine is an amino acid similar to arginine...
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