Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 43, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The immune system is essential to every living things since it protects from diseases caused by foreign bodies. The immune system is categorized into two types, innate and adaptive immune systems. Innate immunity is the first line of defense, non-specific to antigens. Adaptive immunity is acquired in the lifetime and it is specific to antigens.
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Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by the immune system to fight
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surface, and damage the parasite.
b. Crosslinking of antibody binding to FceRI on eosinophils cells triggers release of granules, causing smooth
muscle contractions.
Muscle contractions in the mucosal tracts causes sneezing, coughing, vomiting or diarrhea, dislodging the
parasite.
d. The parasite is killed and broken down extracellularly, and then phagocytosed by macrophages.
C.
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A. cause phagocytic chemotaxis.
B. induce phagocytosis.
C. bind microbial proteins and polysaccharides.
D. destroy microbial cells.
You may select zero, one, or many answers.
Which of the following is a function of cytokines?
A. Promote antibody invaders.
B. Help T cells recognize invaders.
C. Attract white blood cells to a possible invader.
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Chapter 43 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 43 - Briefly describe the insect defense system against...Ch. 43 - Prob. 2IQCh. 43 - Prob. 3IQCh. 43 - Prob. 4IQCh. 43 - Prob. 5IQCh. 43 - Prob. 6IQCh. 43 - Prob. 7IQCh. 43 - Prob. 8IQCh. 43 - Prob. 9IQCh. 43 - Prob. 1SYK
Ch. 43 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 43 - Although innate and adaptive immunity were...Ch. 43 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 43 - The process of clonal selection accounts for a....Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 43 - Which of the following destroys a target cell by...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 43 - What is the key advantage to the use of monoclonal...Ch. 43 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 43 - From which of the following conditions would an...
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- Identify which of the following immune responses is pivotal to the killing and elimination of helminths. a. killing by cytotoxic T cells in the lamina propria b. TH1-induced inflammation c. TH2-associated cytokines d. phagocytosis by intestinal macrophages e. systemic immune responses f. B-cell secretion of IgG.arrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Allergens differ from antigens because a. Allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle. b. Allergens do not involve the leucocytes, they simple stimulate the inflammatory response. c. Allergens are only active seasonally and are generally harmless to the body. d. Allergens are primarily plant derived while antigens are bacterial or viral in nature.arrow_forwardWhich of the following receptor types will trigger the release of cytokines in macrophages? O A. Mannose Receptors B. Scavenger Receptors O C. Glucan Receptors O D. Toll-like Receptors O E. C-type Lectinsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true? A. Hypersensitivity requires previous exposure to an antigen B. Hypersensitivity is due to the presence of a virus. C. Hypersensitivity occurs in the absence of an antigen. D. Hypersensitivity is synonymous with the term " infection". E. Hypersensitivity occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not an example of a barrier defense inanimals?a. skin d. mucusb. secretions from skin glands e. antibodiesc. exoskeletonarrow_forwardWhich of these types of cytokines do not match with the given description? A. Autocrine - The same cell secretes and receives the cytokine signal. B. Paracrine- The cytokine signal is secreted from one cell to a nearby cell(s). C. Endocrine - The cytokine signal is secreted and travels via the circulatory system received by a distant cell(s). D. All of the descriptions are matched correctly.arrow_forward
- Decreased immunity is a symptom of HIV/AIDS. This is caused by which of the following? Select one: a. HIV destroys antigens. This decreases the possibility of recognizing pathogens in the future. b. HIV destroys memory T cells. If the body is infected again, there is no antibodies to fight an infection. c. HIV attacks the macrophages. Pathogens cannot be destroyed once they enter the body. d. HIV attacks the helper T cells. This allows pathogen cells to enter the body unnoticed.arrow_forwardMicrobial products trigger macrophage activation. Match the receptor with the product that it binds. ✓ TLR-4 ✓ TLR-3 ✓ TLR-9 TLR-5 A. Unmethylated DNA B. Double-stranded RNA C. LPS D. Flagellaarrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. A vaccine is effective because a. The vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection. b. The vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection. c. The secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient than the primary response. d. B lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen.arrow_forward
- What is a cytokine? A ) a. a chemical mediator (stimulus) of inflammation that is released by cells in response to tissue or cell damage O b. an antimicrobial substance made by neutrophils O c. a repair stimulator produced by Eosinophils during an allergic reaction O d. cellular (cyto-) substance that mediates noisy arguments between macrophages and lymphocytes And that I put A Cardiac disease is considered a(n) O a. acute, 3 O b. acute, 10 1 c. chronic, 3 O d. chronic, 10 Oe, acutely chronic, 114 And that I put Chronic 3 Are the 3 questions correct?arrow_forwardAntigen-presenting cells make contact with T-cells via cellular junctions. Which of the following is likely to mediate this junction if liquid can pass between the cells in the extra-cellular matrix but can not pass from cell to cell? a. Cadherin b. Connexin c. COPII d. Claudinarrow_forwardThe role of antibodies in the human body is to A stimulate pathogen reproduction to produce additional white blood cells B increase the production of guard cells to defend against pathogens C promote the production of antigens to stimulate an immune response D recognize foreign antigens and mark them for destructionarrow_forward
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