The D H 0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined. Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows: A − A + B − B → 2 A − B Δ H 0 = B . E ( A − A ) + B . E ( B − B ) − 2 B . E ( A − B ) Here, B . E ( A − A ) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B . E ( B − B ) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B . E ( A − B ) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

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Answer 1

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Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

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Answer 2

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

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Answer 3

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

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Answer 4

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopropane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclobutene needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The DH0 value for C-C bond in cyclopentane needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a general reaction, the enthalpy change with respect to the bond dissociation energy can be calculated as follows:

A−A+B−B→2A−B

ΔH0=B.E(A−A)+B.E(B−B)−2B.E(A−B)

Here, B.E(A−A) is bond dissociation energy of A-A bond, B.E(B−B) is bond dissociation energy of B-B bond and B.E(A−B) is bond dissociation energy of A-B bond.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.1E Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.3TIY Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4.4E Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4.6TIY Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4.7E Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.8E Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.10TIY Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.11E Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.12E Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.14TIY

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