Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 29, Problem 16CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason behind the evolution of different regions of a protein-encoding gene at different rates.
Introduction:
The biological process that produces two replicas of a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from the original molecule of DNA is known as
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Which of the following best explains the number of similarities between the amino acid sequences of the Drosophila Hedgehog protein and the Chicken Indian Hedgehog protein?
O A.
The Drosophila hedgehog gene evolved from hedgehogs, which are distantly related to birds.
O B.
Both genes evolved from a gene present in the last common ancestor of Drosphila and chickens, and the number of differences reflects the amount of time that has elapsed during the evolution of these two lineages.
a During the evolution of Drosophila and chickens, a hedgehog like gene arose independently in each lineage, then the gene that arose in chickens diversified.
A These genes are unrelated, and the fact that they are similar is only because the proteins need to have similar biochemical properties.
They are unrelated because chickens don't have segments and Drosophila larvae don't have limb buds.
For each of the following examples, discuss whether the observed result is due to neutral mutations or mutations that have been acted on by natural selection, or both:
A. When comparing sequences of homologous genes, differences in the coding sequence are most common at the wobble base (i.e., the third base in each codon).
B. For a protein-encoding gene, the regions that encode portions of the polypeptide that are vital for structure and function are less likely to display mutations than other regions of the gene.
C. When comparing the sequences of homologous genes, introns usually have more sequence differences than exons.
2b)An ancient gene underwent duplication during the course of evolution to yield two chain genes designated as δ and ε genes. Jessica’s final year project deals with the metagenomic studies of anfH homologous genes from freshwater lake samples in Kampar Eastlake. She successfully cloned and sequenced two partial anfH homologous gene sequences.BlastX analyses revealed that one of the DNA sequences showed highestsimilarity to AnfH protein from a Brazilian soil bacteria isolate while the second sequence showed highest identity to the AnfH protein sequence of a bacterium that was isolated from Tonle Sap, a freshwater lake in Cambodia. To determine their evolutionary relationship, she subsequently constructed a phylogenetic tree using the corresponding protein sequences. Describe the steps that are required toperform the analysis.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.1 - 3. A pair of birds flies to a deserted island and...Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 29.2 - 1. Phylogenetic trees are based on
a. natural...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.2 - An approach that is used to construct a...Ch. 29.2 - 4. Horizontal gene transfer is a process in which...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.3 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 29.3 - When the chromosomes of closely related species...Ch. 29 - 1. Discuss the two principles on which evolution...Ch. 29 - 2. Evolution, which involves genetic changes in a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 29 - 5. Would each of the following examples of...Ch. 29 - Distinguish between anagenesis and cladogenesis....Ch. 29 - 7. Describe three or more genetic mechanisms that...Ch. 29 - Explain the type of speciation (allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 29 - Discuss the major differences among allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 29 - Would the rate of deleterious or beneficial...Ch. 29 - 15. Which would you expect to exhibit a faster...Ch. 29 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 29 - 17. Plant seeds contain storage proteins that are...Ch. 29 - Take a look at the -globin and -globin amino acid...Ch. 29 - Compare and contrast the neutral theory of...Ch. 29 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 29 - 21. As discussed in Chapter 27, genetic variation...Ch. 29 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 29 - Two populations of snakes are separated by a...Ch. 29 - 2. Sympatric speciation by allotetraploidy has...Ch. 29 - 3. Two diploid species of closely related frogs,...Ch. 29 - A researcher sequenced a portion of a bacterial...Ch. 29 - F1hybrids between two species of cotton,Gossypium...Ch. 29 - 6. A species of antelope has 20 chromosomes per...Ch. 29 - Prob. 7EQCh. 29 - 8. Prehistoric specimens often contain minute...Ch. 29 - From the results of the experiment of Figure...Ch. 29 - InChapter 23, a technique called fluorescence in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 11EQCh. 29 - 12. Discuss how the principle of parsimony can be...Ch. 29 - 13. A homologous DNA region, which was 20,000 bp...Ch. 29 - Prob. 14EQCh. 29 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 29 - 2. Compare the forms of speciation that are slow...Ch. 29 - 3. Do you think that Darwin would object to the...
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