Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 29, Problem 15CONQ
Which would you expect to exhibit a faster rate of evolutionary change, the
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A group of researchers are trying to determine the relationship between various groups of
organisms. The researchers analyze the amino acid sequence of the protein cytochrome c
in various groups of organisms. Once they sequence cytochrome c in all organisms, they
determine the number of amino acid substitutions in each group. The results can be seen
in the graph below, which plots the data with respect to the time since the divergence of
the members of paired groups from a common ancestor.
A
B
mammals
and reptiles
с
Number of Amino Acid Substitutions
(per 100 amino acids) in Cytochrome, c
D
60-
50+
40+
30-
20+
10+
0
0
O birds and reptiles
A graph showing when various groups of organisms diverged from a common ancestor
Based on the graph above, can you conclude which of the following organisms are most distantly related?
200
400
600
800 1,000
Time Since Divergence from a Common Ancestor
(millions of years)
fish and
land vertebrates
mammals and reptiles
birds and mammals
insects and…
Which statement about genome evolution is false?
Mutations at the ends of introns are less likely than in the middle of an intron.
Synonymous mutations rates are much higher than nonsynonymous mutation rates.
Psuedogenes show high rates of mutations.
Comparison of the mutational change in a specific gene can be used as a molecular clock to date evolutionary events between species.
Evolution in a gene sequence will occur the fastest in regions that have the greatest effect on function.
The table below shows short DNA sequences from a gene in a closely related group of dragons, as well as their close relative, the Winged Ground Lizard. Assume each change in the DNA sequence evolved only once. Draw a phylogenetic tree that represents the relationship among the dragon species, as well as the Winged Ground Lizard. Indicate the locations on the tree where there is a change in the DNA sequence and indicate the site position and what the change is
Chapter 29 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.1 - 3. A pair of birds flies to a deserted island and...Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 29.2 - 1. Phylogenetic trees are based on
a. natural...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.2 - An approach that is used to construct a...Ch. 29.2 - 4. Horizontal gene transfer is a process in which...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.3 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 29.3 - When the chromosomes of closely related species...Ch. 29 - 1. Discuss the two principles on which evolution...Ch. 29 - 2. Evolution, which involves genetic changes in a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 29 - 5. Would each of the following examples of...Ch. 29 - Distinguish between anagenesis and cladogenesis....Ch. 29 - 7. Describe three or more genetic mechanisms that...Ch. 29 - Explain the type of speciation (allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 29 - Discuss the major differences among allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 29 - Would the rate of deleterious or beneficial...Ch. 29 - 15. Which would you expect to exhibit a faster...Ch. 29 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 29 - 17. Plant seeds contain storage proteins that are...Ch. 29 - Take a look at the -globin and -globin amino acid...Ch. 29 - Compare and contrast the neutral theory of...Ch. 29 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 29 - 21. As discussed in Chapter 27, genetic variation...Ch. 29 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 29 - Two populations of snakes are separated by a...Ch. 29 - 2. Sympatric speciation by allotetraploidy has...Ch. 29 - 3. Two diploid species of closely related frogs,...Ch. 29 - A researcher sequenced a portion of a bacterial...Ch. 29 - F1hybrids between two species of cotton,Gossypium...Ch. 29 - 6. A species of antelope has 20 chromosomes per...Ch. 29 - Prob. 7EQCh. 29 - 8. Prehistoric specimens often contain minute...Ch. 29 - From the results of the experiment of Figure...Ch. 29 - InChapter 23, a technique called fluorescence in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 11EQCh. 29 - 12. Discuss how the principle of parsimony can be...Ch. 29 - 13. A homologous DNA region, which was 20,000 bp...Ch. 29 - Prob. 14EQCh. 29 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 29 - 2. Compare the forms of speciation that are slow...Ch. 29 - 3. Do you think that Darwin would object to the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The Selfish Gene is a radical theory that argues that all living creatures are essentially vehicles for their genes- hence, we all are a “survival machine" for our genes. In the light of what you have learned about the molecular structure and function of the gene, is this perspective still relevant? Cite specific biological phenomena to prove your point.arrow_forwardWould a protein encoded on the core genome or one encoded only on the pan-genome be best to use in constructing a phylogenetic tree? Explain your answerarrow_forwardThe raw material for evolution is random mutation. Discuss whether or not you view evolution as a random process.arrow_forward
- Transfer RNA (after becoming “charged” with an amino acid) contains which of the following covalent bonds that are absent in all other forms of RNA? the glycosidic bond the phosphodiester bond the hydrogen bond the aminoacyl bond the peptide bond The green sea slug carries the genes for synthesizing chlorophyll (apparently acquired from the chloroplasts of green algae), illustrating which type of genetic change leading to evolution? horizontal gene transfer gene deletion gene duplication mutation exon shufflingarrow_forwardCreate a recipe for evolution. In your recipe, include the ingredients (all of the elements that must be present for evolution to occur) and the procedure (a description of how the ingredients work together to drive evolution).arrow_forwardAn analysis of the human genome revealed that some regions of DNA that are highly conserved across species do not code for proteins. Propose an explanation for why these noncoding regions are conserved and what this could mean in terms of evolution.arrow_forward
- DNA sequences can act as "tape measures of evolution". Scientists analyzing the human genome sequence were surprised to find that some regions of the human genome that are most highly conserved (similar to comparable regions in other species) don't code for proteins at all. Given what you've learned about "genes" speculate on reasons why this might be so.arrow_forwardYou want to make a phylogenetic tree of a group of three related species of lizards that live on an island. Their genome sequences are highly similar except for a gene that controls body size. In that region of the genome, one of the lizard species has one copy of the growth control gene (L1), the second species has a duplication of the growth control gene (L2) and the third species has three copies of the same gene (L3). The lizard species show an increase in size depending on how many copies of the growth control gene they have (L1 is smallest, L2 is medium-sized and L3 is largest). Is this enough information to determine the phylogenetic relationships between the species, and predict which of the species arrived on the island first (and is the ancestral species)? Yes, because the ancestral lizard genome probably had a single copy of the growth control gene and after arriving on the island it was duplicated, resulting in species L2, and then another duplication occurred resulting in…arrow_forwardFor each of the following examples, discuss whether the observed result is due to neutral mutations or mutations that have been acted on by natural selection, or both: A. When comparing sequences of homologous genes, differences in the coding sequence are most common at the wobble base (i.e., the third base in each codon). B. For a protein-encoding gene, the regions that encode portions of the polypeptide that are vital for structure and function are less likely to display mutations than other regions of the gene. C. When comparing the sequences of homologous genes, introns usually have more sequence differences than exons.arrow_forward
- Give typed explanation What pattern of evolution results when selection favors a rare recessive trait?arrow_forwardWhich of the proteins is changing at the slowest rate and is most conserved? OA OB Oc O cannot be determined based on this grapharrow_forwardThe diagram to the right shows how tiles can be put together in different ways. How does this example relate to the role of DNA as the universal genetic material in organisms?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mechanisms of Genetic Change or Evolution; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FE8WvGzS4Q;License: Standard Youtube License