Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 10PDQ
In 1975, the Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA was organized by Paul Berg, a pioneer of recombinant DNA technology, at a conference center at Asilomar State Beach in California. Physicians, scientists, lawyers, ethicists, and others gathered to draft guidelines for safe applications of recombinant DNA technology. These general guidelines were adopted by the federal government and are still in practice today. Consider the implications of recombinant DNA as a new technology. What concerns might the scientific community have had then about recombinant DNA technology? Might those same concerns exist today?
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What are some important safety and ethical issues raised by this use of recombinant DNA technology?
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The idea behind PCR-based diagnostics is that a very small number of microbial genomes in a patient sample can be multiplied by PCR and more easily detected by the clinical team managing the patient’s care. Also, genetic-based diagnostics are very useful for viral infections because we don’t have biochemical tests, etc. to distinguish one virus from another (remember, viruses are metabolically inactive). However, a lot of work goes into the development of these tests. For instance, PCR requires primers that are complementary to the viral genome that is being copied.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 20 - A plasmid that is both ampicillin and tetracycline...Ch. 20 - You have just created the worlds first genomic...Ch. 20 - What undesirable or unforeseen consequences might...Ch. 20 - Do we have the ethical right to alter the genomes...Ch. 20 - Should these new technologies be regulated...Ch. 20 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter we focused on how...Ch. 20 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 20 - What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and...Ch. 20 - The human insulin gene contains a number of...Ch. 20 - Although many cloning applications involve...
Ch. 20 - Using DNA sequencing on a cloned DNA segment, you...Ch. 20 - Restriction sites are palindromic; that is, they...Ch. 20 - List the advantages and disadvantages of using...Ch. 20 - What are the advantages of using a restriction...Ch. 20 - In 1975, the Asilomar Conference on Recombinant...Ch. 20 - In the context of recombinant DNA technology, of...Ch. 20 - If you performed a PCR experiment starting with...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 20 - You have recovered a cloned DNA segment from a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 20 - Although the capture and trading of great apes has...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 20 - Traditional Sanger sequencing has largely been...Ch. 20 - How is fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between a knockout animal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 24PDQCh. 20 - When disrupting a mouse gene by knockout, why is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 27PDQCh. 20 - As you will learn later in the text (Special...Ch. 20 - The gel presented here shows the pattern of bands...Ch. 20 - A widely used method for calculating the annealing...Ch. 20 - Most of the techniques described in this chapter...Ch. 20 - In humans, congenital heart disease is a common...Ch. 20 - The U.S. Department of Justice has established a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 34ESP
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- In the 1970s, scientists realized that there might be unforeseendangers and ethical issues with the use of recombinant DNAtechnology. A self-imposed moratorium on related research wasimplemented to develop safety protocols. As the Human GenomeProject, designed to sequence and analyze the DNA of the humangenome, came into existence in 1990, it was accompanied by the Ethical,Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI was chargedwith identifying and addressing issues arising from genomic research.This program focused mainly on privacy issues, the ethicaluse of genetic technology in medicine, and the design and conductof genetic research, including gene therapy. The program ledto the passage of federal legislation regulating the use of geneticinformation and the institution of guidelines limiting the scope ofgene therapy. These guidelines prohibit germ-line therapy, whichimpacts future generations, and also prohibit gene therapy designedto enhance physical or mental aptitudes.The…arrow_forwardIn the 1970s, scientists realized that there might be unforeseendangers and ethical issues with the use of recombinant DNAtechnology. A self-imposed moratorium on related research wasimplemented to develop safety protocols. As the Human GenomeProject, designed to sequence and analyze the DNA of the humangenome, came into existence in 1990, it was accompanied by the Ethical,Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI was chargedwith identifying and addressing issues arising from genomic research.This program focused mainly on privacy issues, the ethicaluse of genetic technology in medicine, and the design and conductof genetic research, including gene therapy. The program ledto the passage of federal legislation regulating the use of geneticinformation and the institution of guidelines limiting the scope ofgene therapy. These guidelines prohibit germ-line therapy, whichimpacts future generations, and also prohibit gene therapy designedto enhance physical or mental aptitudes.The…arrow_forwardIn the 1970s, scientists realized that there might be unforeseendangers and ethical issues with the use of recombinant DNAtechnology. A self-imposed moratorium on related research wasimplemented to develop safety protocols. As the Human GenomeProject, designed to sequence and analyze the DNA of the humangenome, came into existence in 1990, it was accompanied by the Ethical,Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI was chargedwith identifying and addressing issues arising from genomic research.This program focused mainly on privacy issues, the ethicaluse of genetic technology in medicine, and the design and conductof genetic research, including gene therapy. The program ledto the passage of federal legislation regulating the use of geneticinformation and the institution of guidelines limiting the scope ofgene therapy. These guidelines prohibit germ-line therapy, whichimpacts future generations, and also prohibit gene therapy designedto enhance physical or mental aptitudes.The…arrow_forward
- What are some safety and ethical concerns raised by the use of recombinant DNA technology? What are some dangers of introducing genetically engineered organisms into the environment?arrow_forwardWhat are some of the dangers of (and precautions against) recombinant DNA technology?arrow_forwardName the five key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology.also mention the function of each tool.arrow_forward
- The NIH Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee has what responsibility? a) Approving all forms of human clinical gene therapy b) Identifying all major risks to the human subjects in a specific research protocol c )Reviewing clinical trials involving human gene transfer d) Analyzing genomes and determining whether they appear mutagenicarrow_forwardBriefly discuss the ethics of recombinant DNA technology.arrow_forwardAnswer all of the following questions a) Define the following terms: biotechnology, Plasmid,Genetic engineering and Transformation b) List two types of medical products that can be produced using DNA tech- nology c) Relate bioethics to the continued development of genetic engineering techniques. d) Describe two major goals of the Human Genome Project. e) Distinguish between proteomics and genomics. f) Outline the different applications of biotechnology g) List some techniques of genetic engineering. h) Delineate the transgenic organisms and their significance. i) Explain the procedure for the following PCR, Gel electrophpresis and Gene therapy j) Describe human genome project and its main goals. k) Discuss the drastic environmental impacts of oil spills and how the mi- crobes like bacteria can help mitigate the problem. l) Give an account of significance of transgenic organisms in food industry. m) Describe the uses of DNA finger printing. n) What is gene cloning? o) Elaborately…arrow_forward
- Microarray hybridization is used mostly in transcript profiling or assaying DNA variation. Although the technology for establishing DNA microarrays was developed only recently, numerous applications have already been developed and their impact on future biomedical research and diagnostic approaches is expected to be profound. Give some examples of the practical use of this technique.arrow_forwardPlease answer these two questions regarding PCR: a) Why do you need to perform PCR on DNA obtained from a crime scene? b) Why so forensic labs analyze non-coding DNA rather than genes?arrow_forwardWhat are some examples of ethical questions raised by the medicaluse of DNA technology?arrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license