Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 34ESP
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason that multiplex PCR be different than single primer set PCR in terms of dependability and ease of optimization.
Introduction: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method to increase the amount of DNA to manifold from a small piece of DNA. PCR amplifications are highly used, such as in
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Explain why DNA ladders are usually included during gel electrophoresis.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 20 - A plasmid that is both ampicillin and tetracycline...Ch. 20 - You have just created the worlds first genomic...Ch. 20 - What undesirable or unforeseen consequences might...Ch. 20 - Do we have the ethical right to alter the genomes...Ch. 20 - Should these new technologies be regulated...Ch. 20 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter we focused on how...Ch. 20 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 20 - What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and...Ch. 20 - The human insulin gene contains a number of...Ch. 20 - Although many cloning applications involve...
Ch. 20 - Using DNA sequencing on a cloned DNA segment, you...Ch. 20 - Restriction sites are palindromic; that is, they...Ch. 20 - List the advantages and disadvantages of using...Ch. 20 - What are the advantages of using a restriction...Ch. 20 - In 1975, the Asilomar Conference on Recombinant...Ch. 20 - In the context of recombinant DNA technology, of...Ch. 20 - If you performed a PCR experiment starting with...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 20 - You have recovered a cloned DNA segment from a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 20 - Although the capture and trading of great apes has...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 20 - Traditional Sanger sequencing has largely been...Ch. 20 - How is fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between a knockout animal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 24PDQCh. 20 - When disrupting a mouse gene by knockout, why is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 20 - Prob. 27PDQCh. 20 - As you will learn later in the text (Special...Ch. 20 - The gel presented here shows the pattern of bands...Ch. 20 - A widely used method for calculating the annealing...Ch. 20 - Most of the techniques described in this chapter...Ch. 20 - In humans, congenital heart disease is a common...Ch. 20 - The U.S. Department of Justice has established a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 34ESP
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- The exponential nature of PCR allows spectacular increases in the abundance of a DNA sequence being amplified. Consider a 10-kbp DNA sequence in a genome of 1010 base pairs. What fraction of the genome is represented by this sequence; i.e., what is the fractional abundance of this sequence in this genome? Calculate the fractional abundance of this target sequence after 10, 15, and 20 cycles of PCR, starting with DNA representing the whole genome and assuming that no other sequences in the genome undergo amplification in the process.arrow_forwardThe final amount of each primer required in a PCR reaction is 25 picomol. If the total volume of the PCR reaction is equal to 100 µl and the stock concentration of each primer is equal to 0.0025 mM. Calculate the volume of stock primer that needs to be added in order to ensure a primer amount of 25 picomol.arrow_forwardIn a typical PCR reaction, describe what is happening in stages occurring at temperature ranges (a) 92–95°C, (b) 45–65°C, and (c) 65–75°C.arrow_forward
- (i) (ii) What is the major difference between the conventional PCR and real time PCR (qPCR) in terms of function? SyBR green and Taqman dyes are usually utilized in real time PCR. Which dye is more sensitive and accurate? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardThe ability to multiplex the PCR reactions used in STR analysis (many PCR amplifications occurringin the same tube at the same time) simplifies the DNA profiling technique a great deal. However,the analysis of the PCR products involves measuring only their size and their color, and this is allthe software needs to know in order to figure out which PCR products are from which locus. Howcan the analysis software tell all the various loci apart?arrow_forwardA successful PCR experiment often depends on designing the correct primers. In particular, the T m for each primer should be approximately the same. What is the basis of this requirement?arrow_forward
- Below are several problems frequently faced by researchers when running the PCR. Give one (1) solution to each problem stated. 1. No PCR product 2. Multiple bands appeared after gel electrophoresis (you are amplifying just 1 gene) 3. Bright thick bands at the end of the agarose gel after electrophoresis 4. Bands appeared at the negative controlarrow_forwardThere are many types of PCR techniques available nowadays. Explain the concept of nested PCR and real-time PCR.arrow_forwardIn a typical PCR reaction what is happening in stages occurring at temperature ranges (a) 92–95°C, (b) 45–65°C, and (c) 65–75°C.arrow_forward
- The process of PCR essentially revolves around three phases. Briefly describe these phases and the events that occur in them. Take note the temperature on which these phases take place.arrow_forwardOur PCR samples already contain loading dye, but sometimes this isn’t the case. If your samples didn’t already contain dye and you wanted to load your PCR sample onto an agarose gel, you’d need to add loading dye to the proper concentration. There is a 6X loading dye available for use; how many µl of this loading dye will you add to 10 µl of your sample so that it is at a 1X working concentration? Show your work.arrow_forwardWhat would be the expected effect on the PCR reaction, if you increased the temperature of the annealing phase and the length of the elongation phase? O Accuracy will be reduced, but yield will be increased Accuracy and yield will be increased OAccuracy will be increased, but yield will be decreased Accuracy and yield will be reducedarrow_forward
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