Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 15, Problem 12CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
A. The prevention of the function of the glucocorticoid receptor.
B. The enzyme required to inhibit the transcription activation by CREB protein.
Introduction:
The CREB protein(cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein) and the glucocorticoid receptors work asactivators of transcription of genes. Specific sites on DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)gets bind with CREB protein and promote the transcription of target genes. They regulate the gene expression in a cell.
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Suppose that a mutation in the glucocorticoid receptor does not prevent the binding of the glucocorticoid hormone to the protein but prevents the ability of the receptor to activate transcription. Make a list of all the possible defects that may explain why transcription cannot be activated.
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Now read this abstract from a 2013 journal article What is the authors' explanation of how Gal80p works?
Note UASG from the question above is the same as UASGAL
The DNA-binding transcriptional activator Gal4 and its regulators Gal80 and Gal3 constitute a galactose-responsive switch for
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 15.1 - 1. Combinatorial control refers to the phenomenon...Ch. 15.1 - 2. A regulatory transcription factor protein...Ch. 15.1 - 3. A bidirectional enhancer has the following...Ch. 15.1 - 4. Regulatory transcription factors can be...Ch. 15.2 - 1. A chromatin-remodeling complex may
a. change...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 15.2 - 3. Which of the following characteristics is...Ch. 15.2 - 4. Transcriptional activation of eukaryotic genes...Ch. 15.3 - How can methylation affect transcription? a. It...Ch. 15.3 - 2. The process in which completely unmethylated...
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 15.5 - The overall goal of the ENCODE Project is a. to...Ch. 15.6 - The binding of iron regulatory protein (IRP) to...Ch. 15 - Discuss the common points of control in eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - 2. Discuss the structure and function of...Ch. 15 - 3. What is meant by the term transcription factor...Ch. 15 - What are the functions of transcriptional...Ch. 15 - 5. Is each of the following statements true or...Ch. 15 - 6. Transcription factors usually contain one or...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 15 - 9. Let’s suppose a mutation in the glucocorticoid...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 15 - 13. Transcription factors such as the...Ch. 15 - An enhancer, located upstream from a gene, has the...Ch. 15 - 15. The DNA-binding domain of each CREB protein...Ch. 15 - The gene that encodes the enzyme called tyrosine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 15 - 18. What is a histone variant?
Ch. 15 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 15 - 20. What is meant by the term histone code? With...Ch. 15 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 15 - Histones are thought to be displaced as RNA...Ch. 15 - 23. What is an insulator? Describe two different...Ch. 15 - 24. What is DNA methylation? When we say that DNA...Ch. 15 - Lets suppose that a vertebrate organism carries a...Ch. 15 - 26. What is a CpG island? Where would you expect...Ch. 15 - Describe how the binding of iron regulatory...Ch. 15 - 1. Briefly describe the method of chromatin...Ch. 15 - Researchers can isolate a sample of cells, such as...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3EQCh. 15 - Prob. 4EQCh. 15 - Prob. 5EQCh. 15 - 6. As described in Chapter 21, an electrophoretic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7EQCh. 15 - 1. Explain how DNA methylation could be used to...Ch. 15 - 2. Enhancers can occur almost anywhere in DNA and...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Some elongation factors are evolutionarily related to the G-proteins involved in signal transduction. Provide a possible reason why this is the case.arrow_forwardIf I have discovered a mutation in the glucocorticoid reception that does not prevent thebinding of glucocorticoid hormone to the protein but prevents the ability of the receptor toactivate transcription, what are all of the possible defects that may explain why transcriptioncannot be activated?arrow_forwardMany currently marketed drugs exert their pharmacological effects by binding to ligand-activated transcription factors and modulating gene expression. One example, are various drugs that target the estrogen receptor to treat breast cancer, osteoporosis and post-menopausal symptoms. Below is a ChIP experiment examining the effects of no drug treatment (C), the natural hormone estrogen (E) and the drugs tamoxifen (T) and raloxifene (R) on recruitment of coactivators (SRC-1 and CBP), Histone Deacetylase Complexes (HDACs) and acetylation of histones associated with the C-myc gene. Which of the following statements are correct based on this data (select all that apply)?arrow_forward
- Phorbol esters have been observed to induce the transcription of AP-1–influenced genes. Explain how this processcould occur. What are the consequences of AP-1 transcription? What role does intermittent exposure to phorbol estershave on an individual’s health?arrow_forwardWhen the amino acid levels in eukaryotic cells are low, general protein synthesis is reduced. Gcn4 translation, however, is increased. A. What would happen under high and low amino acid conditions if only one of the upstream ORFs were deleted from Gcn4? B. What would happen under high and low amino acid conditions if all of the upstream ORFs were deleted from Gcn4?arrow_forwardThe ras protein is a mutated G protein that lacks GTPase activity. How does the absence of this activity affect the adenylyl cyclase pathway?arrow_forward
- Proteins that are retained in the ER have a KDEL sequence at their C-terminus. To test the idea that KDEL is both necessary and sufficient for retention in the ER, two experiments were performed. First, it was deleted from protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), and this form of PDI got secreted. Second, it was attached to a peptide growth hormone, which is normally secreted from the cell. This modified peptide still got secreted. Which interpretation does this support? The data do not allow for an interpretation, additional experiments are needed. KDEL is sufficient but not necessary for ER retention. KDEL is both necessary and sufficient for ER retention. KDEL is necessary but not sufficient for ER retention.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the term transcription factor modulation? List three general ways this can occur.arrow_forwardExplain why it is advantageous for transcriptionalregulatory proteins to be multimeric and for theirbinding sites to be clustered.arrow_forward
- Does adenylate cyclase become more active when the inhibitory (Gia) protein is mutated and increases its intrinsic GTPase activity?arrow_forwardIf the lacl gene is mutated so that the repressor protein no longer binds to lactose, what will be the effect on the expression of B-galactosidase in lactose's presence and absence? Explain. If the promoter for lacl is mutated so that the expression of the repressor increases, what will be the effect on the expression of B-galactosidase in the presence and absence of lactose? Explain. D. (Extremely tricky question!) Describe the behavior of the lac operon assuming that the lacl gene has been mutated so that the repressor now binds to DNA in the presence of lactose but cannot bind to DNA in the absence of lactose.arrow_forwardSignal-transducing heterotrimeric G proteins consist of three subunits designated α, β, and γ. The Gα subunit is a GTPase switch protein that cycles between active and inactive states depending on whether it is bound to GTP or to GDP. Review the steps for ligand-induced activation of effector proteins mediated by the heterotrimeric G proteins. Suppose that you have isolated a mutant Gα subunit that has an increased GTPase activity. What effect would this mutation have on the G protein and the effector protein?arrow_forward
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