Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 48P
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The importance of gametes with nine chromosomes to the viability and fertility of the hybrid plant Raphanobrassica.
Introduction:
Alloploidy is a hybrid cell that contains more than two sets of chromosomes derived from the two different species. On the contrary, autoploidy is a condition having more than two sets of chromosomes derived from the same species.
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(d)
Scientists believe that the yellow fern arose from hybridization with another fern
on the island. Create a diagram of this hybridization that tracks the origin of the
chromosome number in the yellow fern.
Plant breeders have long appreciated the phenomenon called hybrid vigor or heterosis, in which hybrids formed between two inbred strains have increased vigor and crop yield relative to the two parental strains. Starting in the 1930s, seed companies exploited the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) phenomenon in corn that was described in Problem 17 so that they could cheaply produce hybrid corn seed to sell to farmers. This type of CMS is caused by mutant mitochondrial genomes that prevent pollen formation.
a. How would CMS aid seed companies in producing hybrid corn seed? Dominant Rf alleles of a nuclear gene called Restorer suppress the CMS phenotype, so that Rf- containing plants with mutant mitochondrial genomes are male fertile.
What creates polyploid plants in the wild?
A) Complete meiotic nondisjunction
B) Complete mitotic nondisjunction in a stem of the plant
C) Crossovers involving a chromosome with a large inversion
D) colchicine
Chapter 13 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 13 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - For each of the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - For the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - One of the X chromosomes in a particular...Ch. 13 - A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a...Ch. 13 - The two graphs that follow represent genomic...Ch. 13 - A series of chromosomal mutations in Drosophila...Ch. 13 - Indicate which of the four major classes of...Ch. 13 - The recessive, X-linked z1 mutation of the...
Ch. 13 - Genes a and b are 21 m.u. apart when mapped in...Ch. 13 - In the following group of figures, the pink lines...Ch. 13 - Three strains of Drosophila Bravo, X-ray, and...Ch. 13 - Two yeast strains were mated and sporulated...Ch. 13 - Suppose a haploid yeast strain carrying two...Ch. 13 - In the mating between two haploid yeast strains...Ch. 13 - During ascus formation in Neurospora, any...Ch. 13 - In the following figure, black and pink lines...Ch. 13 - In Drosophila, the gene for cinnabar eye color is...Ch. 13 - Semisterility in corn, as seen by unfilled ears...Ch. 13 - A promising biological method for insect control...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23PCh. 13 - a. Among the progeny of a self-fertilized...Ch. 13 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 13 - WHIM syndrome is a disease of the immune system...Ch. 13 - Explain how transposable elements can cause the...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila genome normally harbors about 40 P...Ch. 13 - Drosophila P elements were discovered because of a...Ch. 13 - Flies homozygous for mutant alleles of a...Ch. 13 - Fred and Mary have a child named Bob. The genomic...Ch. 13 - Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in which...Ch. 13 - Among adults with Turner syndrome, it has been...Ch. 13 - In Neurospora, his2 mutants require the amino acid...Ch. 13 - Human geneticists interested in the effects of...Ch. 13 - The incidence of Down syndrome will be very high...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila chromosome 4 is extremely small;...Ch. 13 - Down syndrome is usually caused by having a...Ch. 13 - Common red clover, Trifolium pratense, is a...Ch. 13 - The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploid...Ch. 13 - An allotetraploid species has a genome composed of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 44PCh. 13 - Chromosomes normally associate during meiosis I as...Ch. 13 - Using whole-genome sequencing, how could you...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47PCh. 13 - Prob. 48PCh. 13 - Seedless watermelons that you find in the...Ch. 13 - The names of hybrid animals are usually themselves...Ch. 13 - While most animals cannot tolerate polyploidy,...Ch. 13 - What characteristic property of translocations...Ch. 13 - Prob. 53PCh. 13 - In the accompanying figure, the top and bottom...Ch. 13 - Prob. 55PCh. 13 - The accompanying figure shows idiograms of human...Ch. 13 - Prob. 57P
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- You are studying a plant with tissue comprising both green and white sectors. You wish to decide whether this phenomenon is due (1) to a chloroplast mutation of the type considered in this chapter or (2) to a dominant nuclear mutation that inhibits chlorophyll production and is present only in certain tissue layers of the plant as a mosaic. Outline the experimental approach that you would use to resolve this problem.arrow_forwardThe radish (Raphanus sativus) has a diploid number (2n) of 18. The cabbage (Brassica oleracia) also has a diploid number (2n) of 18. Why is it that if you cross these two species to produce a hybrid with a total of 18 chromosomes in its somatic cells it is sterile, but if you form an allotetraploid (also known as amphidiploid) from these two species it is fertile?arrow_forwardA) Describe the data you collect from the Purple 1 x Purple 2 cross. Predict the genotype of each of the parent plants. Explain your predictions using data from the experiment. B) Consider the offspring, the next generation (F1), from the Purple 1 x Purple 2 cross. What is the probability of a green stem plant? How do you know this? C) What is the probability in the F2 generation of a green stem offspring? Use a Punnett square(s) and quantitative data to explain your thinking. Upload your Punnett square(s).arrow_forward
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