Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 45P
Chromosomes normally associate during meiosis I as bivalents (a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes) because chromosome pairing involves the synapsis of the corresponding regions of two homologous chromosomes. However, Fig. 13.17b shows that in a heterozygote for a reciprocal translocation, chromosomes pair as quadrivalents (that is, four chromosomes are associated with each other). Quadrivalents can form in other ways: For example, in some autotetraploid species, chromosomes can pair as quadrivalents rather than as bivalents.
| a. | How could quadrivalents actually form in these autotetraploids, given that chromosomal regions synapse in pairs? To answer this question, diagram such a quadrivalent. |
| b. | How can these autotetraploid species generate euploid gametes if the chromosomes pair as quadrivalents rather than bivalents? |
| c. | Could quadrivalents form in an amphidiploid species? Discuss. |
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An individual heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation possesses the following chromosomes: A B ● C D E F G, A B • C D V W X, R S •T U E F G, R S•T U V W Xa. Draw the pairing arrangement of these chromosomes in prophase 1 of meiosis. Mention their gametic composition. b. Draw the alternate, adjacent I, and adjacent II segregation patterns in anaphase I of meiosis. Mention their gametic composition.
A diploid individual is heterozygous for a chromosome rearrangement. The original chromosome and its rearranged homolog have the following segments, where ∙ represents a centromere:
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A B ∙ C F E D G
While paired in prophase I, a single crossing-over occurs between segment E and segment D of the paired chromosomes. Describe the unusual crossing-over structure that forms as a result.What gamete types will result from crossing over when meiosis is complete?
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An individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes:
A • B C D E F
A • B C V W X
R ST • U D E F
R ST • U V W X
Q. Draw a picture of these chromosomes pairing in prophase I of meiosis.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 13 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - For each of the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - For the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - One of the X chromosomes in a particular...Ch. 13 - A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a...Ch. 13 - The two graphs that follow represent genomic...Ch. 13 - A series of chromosomal mutations in Drosophila...Ch. 13 - Indicate which of the four major classes of...Ch. 13 - The recessive, X-linked z1 mutation of the...
Ch. 13 - Genes a and b are 21 m.u. apart when mapped in...Ch. 13 - In the following group of figures, the pink lines...Ch. 13 - Three strains of Drosophila Bravo, X-ray, and...Ch. 13 - Two yeast strains were mated and sporulated...Ch. 13 - Suppose a haploid yeast strain carrying two...Ch. 13 - In the mating between two haploid yeast strains...Ch. 13 - During ascus formation in Neurospora, any...Ch. 13 - In the following figure, black and pink lines...Ch. 13 - In Drosophila, the gene for cinnabar eye color is...Ch. 13 - Semisterility in corn, as seen by unfilled ears...Ch. 13 - A promising biological method for insect control...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23PCh. 13 - a. Among the progeny of a self-fertilized...Ch. 13 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 13 - WHIM syndrome is a disease of the immune system...Ch. 13 - Explain how transposable elements can cause the...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila genome normally harbors about 40 P...Ch. 13 - Drosophila P elements were discovered because of a...Ch. 13 - Flies homozygous for mutant alleles of a...Ch. 13 - Fred and Mary have a child named Bob. The genomic...Ch. 13 - Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in which...Ch. 13 - Among adults with Turner syndrome, it has been...Ch. 13 - In Neurospora, his2 mutants require the amino acid...Ch. 13 - Human geneticists interested in the effects of...Ch. 13 - The incidence of Down syndrome will be very high...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila chromosome 4 is extremely small;...Ch. 13 - Down syndrome is usually caused by having a...Ch. 13 - Common red clover, Trifolium pratense, is a...Ch. 13 - The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploid...Ch. 13 - An allotetraploid species has a genome composed of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 44PCh. 13 - Chromosomes normally associate during meiosis I as...Ch. 13 - Using whole-genome sequencing, how could you...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47PCh. 13 - Prob. 48PCh. 13 - Seedless watermelons that you find in the...Ch. 13 - The names of hybrid animals are usually themselves...Ch. 13 - While most animals cannot tolerate polyploidy,...Ch. 13 - What characteristic property of translocations...Ch. 13 - Prob. 53PCh. 13 - In the accompanying figure, the top and bottom...Ch. 13 - Prob. 55PCh. 13 - The accompanying figure shows idiograms of human...Ch. 13 - Prob. 57P
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