Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 9, Problem 21CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The rule that govern the formation of triple helix DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)in an organism. The triple helix is composed of six different types of bases A(adenine), G(guanine), T (thymine), C(cytosine), X, and Y.
Introduction:
DNA is the genetic material of most of the eukaryotes and some of the prokaryotes. It is made up of four types of bases, namely A, G, C, and T. Gand Aare referred to as purines, while Cand T are pyrimidines. Complementary purines and pyrimidines combine with the help of hydrogen bond and form base pair. The linkage in the DNA backbone is called phosphodiester linkage.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Pretend that you find life from another planet on an asteroid that lands in Annville. Its DNA is a triple helix composed of the bases A, T, G, C, X, and Y. The chemical composition of each is A = 24%, T = 23%, G = 11%, C = 12%, X = 21%, Y = 9%. How does the triplet DNA form in this organism?
The Bacteria Escherichia coli DNA genome has a molecular mass of about 3.1 X 10° D. In your
answers, show how you came up to each result?
(a) How many base pairs does this bacterium contain?
(b) How many full double-helical turns does this DNA contain?
(c) How long is this DNA in µm?
DNA structure depends on base pairing of its four nucleotides, A, C, T, and G. Nucleotide A pairs with T, and nucleotide C
pairs with G. This forms a four-letter DNA “alphabet." Because DNA codes for amino acids in sets of three nucleotides,
there are 4 cubed (4'), or 64, possible combinations, coding for 20 different amino acids. What is the best explanation for
why there is no selective advantage for DNA to have five nucleotides (e.g., A, C, T, G, and E) with C pairing with either G or
functionally equivalent E?
It would be impossible to form the DNA molecule, because it must have an equal number of Cs and Gs.
Because G and E have the same role, there would still be four functional letters of the alphabet.
Replication would be inaccurate because sometimes C would bond with G and sometimes C would bond with E.
There would be a five-letter alphabet with 125 combinations, which is too numerous.
It is impossible because there are not five known nucleotides in the cell.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 9.1 - In the experiment of Avery, McLeod, and McCarty,...Ch. 9.1 - In the Hershey and Chase experiment involving T2...Ch. 9.2 - Going from simple to complex, which of the...Ch. 9.3 - Which of the following could be the components of...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 9.5 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 9.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 9.6 - 1. Which of the following is not a feature of the...Ch. 9.6 - 2. A groove in the DNA refers to
a. the...
Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 9.7 - 1. A double-stranded region of RNA
a. forms a...Ch. 9 - 1. What is the meaning of the term genetic...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 9 - 3. Look up the meaning of the word transformation...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 9 - 5. Draw the structures of guanine, guanosine, and...Ch. 9 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 9 - 7. Describe how bases interact with each other in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 9 - 9. What is meant by the term DNA sequence?
Ch. 9 - Make a side-by-side drawing of two DNA helices:...Ch. 9 - 11. Discuss the differences in the structural...Ch. 9 - What part(s) of a nucleotide (namely, phosphate,...Ch. 9 - List the structural differences between DNA and...Ch. 9 - Draw the structure of deoxyribose and number the...Ch. 9 - Write a sequence of an RNA molecule that could...Ch. 9 - Compare the structural features of a...Ch. 9 - Which of the following DNA double helices would be...Ch. 9 - What structural feature allows DNA to store...Ch. 9 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 9 - 22. On further analysis of the DNA described in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 23CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 9 - In what ways are the structures of an helix in a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 9 - 28. What chemical group (phosphate group, hydroxyl...Ch. 9 - The base composition of an RNA virus was analyzed...Ch. 9 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 9 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 9 - As described in Chapter 15, the methylation of...Ch. 9 - 35. An RNA molecule has the following sequence:...Ch. 9 - 1. Genetic material acts as a blueprint for an...Ch. 9 - 2. With regard to the experiment described in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3EQCh. 9 - Prob. 4EQCh. 9 - 5. With regard to Chargaff’s experiment described...Ch. 9 - 6. Gierer and Schramm exposed plant tissue to...Ch. 9 - 1. Try to propose structures for a genetic...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2QSDC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forwardAssume that the molar percentage of thymine in a double stranded DNA is 20. What are the percentages of the four bases (G, C, T, A)? b. The base content of a sample of DNA is as follows: A=31% G=31% T=19% C=19%. What conclusion can be drawn from this information?arrow_forwardThe amount of G plus C in an organism’s DNA is 64% of the total base content of that DNA. What are the percentages of A, T, G, and C?arrow_forward
- One gram of cultured human cells contains about 109 cells and occupies roughly 1 mL. If the average molecular mass of a base pair is 660 daltons and each cell contains 6.4 x 109 bp, what mass of DNA is present in this one-gram sample? If all the DNA molecules in the sample were laid end to end to form a single thread, would it be long enough to reach from the Earth to the Moon (385,000 kilometers)?arrow_forwardA double-stranded DNA molecule is 1 cm long, and the percentage of adenine is 15%. How many cytosines does this DNA molecule contain?arrow_forwardIf the ratio of (A+G)/(T+C)=0.7 in one strand of the DNA, what is the same ratio in complementary strand? Answer Format: (Number only in two decimal places) *arrow_forward
- Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. The composition of the remaining bases is % adenine, % guanine, and % thymine.arrow_forwardA B-DNA molecule has 1 million nucleotide pairs. How many complete turns of the helix are there in this molecule?arrow_forwardIf the GC content of a DNA molecule is 60%, what are the molar percentages of the four bases (G, C, T, A)?arrow_forward
- You are supplied with the following information about a DNA molecule: The molecular weight of a typical nucleotide is 660 Da. The linear density of double stranded DNA is 4 x 106 Da per micrometer. There are 10 base pairs in one complete turn of the double helix. Answer the following questions about a DNA molecule with a length of 3.3 micrometer and a base composition which contains 20% of the base adenine (A). (a) How many phosphor atoms are present in this DNA molecule?(b) How many full turns of the DNA helix are there in this molecule?(c) What is the percentage of guanine bases in the DNA molecule?(d) How many hydrogen bonds are there in the molecule?(e) How many phosphodiester bonds are there in the molecule?( f ) What is the length in basepairs of a DNA molecule that contains 606 full turns of the double helix?arrow_forwardDNA has unique properties that allow it to accurately retain genetic information, even after multiple rounds of replication. One aspect of DNA that allows it to accurately store genetic information is the base pairing from Chargaff's first rule of the four nucleotide bases. If the A content of a DNA molecule is 18%, what are the percentages of the remaining bases? T = G = C = % % %arrow_forward
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