Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 8.3, Problem 6TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The requirement of RNA in protein synthesis.
Introduction:
The central dogma theory for molecular biology describes that information flow is unidirectional. It involves two steps where first is transcription that is defined as the process of copying the genetic information from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to RNA (ribonucleic acid). The second step is translation which is defined as the process of translating information from mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) to proteins or polypeptide chains.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Briefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis:
a) rRNA, b) tRNA c) mRNA
Which is NOT a true difference between messenger RNA and DNA? (i.e., which of the following statements is false?)
DNA remains in the nucleus (except when the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis), whereas mRNA is never in the nucleus; it is always in the cytoplasm.
A DNA molecule has a longer life span than a typical molecule of RNA.
DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.
DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.
Which statement below about mRNA is true?
A)A gene's promoter sequence is transcribed into mRNA.
B)Translation begins at the 5′ end of a molecule of mRNA
C)mRNA is complementary to the coding strand of DNA.
D)Some regions of mRNA are not translated into amino acids.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 4TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 5TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 6TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7TQ
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 8TQCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Prob. 10RQCh. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Prob. 15RQCh. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Prob. 17RQCh. 8 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8 - Prob. 3TQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true regarding the genetic code and translation? a) An mRNA is typically translated in only 1 reading frame. b) There are 64 different codons. c) Multiple amino acids may be coded for by a single codon. d) mRNA sequence is the reverse complement of the template strand of DNA.arrow_forwardHow does the information stored in DNA direct the synthesis of proteins?arrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes mRNA?Group of answer choices a) Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes b) Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation c) Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide d) Used for eukaryotic RNA processingarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: genetic code, codon, and anticodon. What is the relationship among the bases in DNA, the codons of mRNA, and the anticodons of tRNA?arrow_forwardIn protein synthesis, why is it call translation? What is transcription and what does it do? What is replication and where is it used?arrow_forward
- What is it about DNA and its relationship to RNA that allows the information in DNA to be used in protein synthesis? Be specific and complete.arrow_forwardMatch the function in translation to each type of RNA (one RNA has two listed functions). 1) Carry an amino acid that is encoded by a codon. 2) Serve as the link between DNA and proteins. 3) Create the backbone of the ribosome 4) Has triplet-nucleotide codons that encode the primary structure of proteins. Here are the choices for the questions: a) tRNA b) rRNA c) mRNAarrow_forwarda) How to transfer biological information in protein synthesis? What is the link between DNA and proteins? What role does RNA play in each? Explain the protein synthesis.arrow_forward
- . Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA? A) DNA is transcribed using RNA polymerase to form mRNA and mRNA is translated by the Ribosome to form a polypeptide, B) The bases in DNA contain sugars, whereas the bases in RNA do not contain sugar. C) DNA nucleotides contain a different glucose compared to RNA nucleotides. D) DNA is formed using the base uracil, whereas RNA uses the base thymine. E) DNA encodes the sequence of amino acids for the primary structure of a polypeptide whereas mRNA does notarrow_forwardIf methionine is the first amino acid incorporated into a heptapeptide, what is the sequence of the amino acids encoded for by the following stretch of mRNA? 5'-G-C-A-U-G-G-A-C-C-C-C-G-U-U-A-U- U-A-A-A-C-A-C-3'arrow_forwardWhat results in the alteration of amino acid sequences during polypeptide formation in protein synthesis? A defective polypeptide may arise because of a change in its amino acid sequence Despite the change in amino acid sequence, the polypeptide formed will always be functional and will never cause a disease. The cell will have no other choice but to revert the faulty polypeptide into amino acids to undo its work. The nucleus, by means of its powerful enzymes, will eventually destroy the damaged protein so that it will not wreak havoc in the cell.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
DNA vs RNA (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQByjprj_mA;License: Standard youtube license