Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 8, Problem 3RQ
Summary Introduction
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To review:
The difference between a pair of orthologous genes and a pair of paralogous genes.
Introduction:
A gene is defined as the region of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is expressed in the form of ribonucleic acid (RNA) or a polypeptide. The complete set of genes of a particular individual is called the genome. Closely related individuals share similar genome. The genes that arise from the common DNA ancestral sequence are called homologous genes. There are two types of homologous genes, orthologous genes and paralogous genes.
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A) Distinguish between the general concept of a gene and the specific concept of an allele at the level of the DNA.
B) Strictly speaking, do identical twins have identical phenotypes? Explain.
A hereditary disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The wild-type allele of the disease gene produces a mature mRNA that is 1250 nucleotides (nt) long. Molecular analysis shows that the mature mRNA consists of four exons that measure 400 nt (exon 1), 320 nt (exon 2), 230 nt (exon 3), and 300 nt (exon 4). A mother and father with two healthy children and two children with the disease have northern blot analysis performed. The results of the northern blot for each family member are shown below.
a) Identify the genotype of each family member, using the size of mRNAs to indicate each allele. (For example, a person who is homozygous wild type is 1250/1250).
b) Based on your analysis, what is the most likely molecular abnormality causing the disease allele?
Name four mobile genetic elements.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 4TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 5TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 6TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7TQ
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 8TQCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Prob. 10RQCh. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Prob. 15RQCh. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Prob. 17RQCh. 8 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8 - Prob. 3TQ
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- Describe all the possible genotypes for a mouse with that phenotype.arrow_forwardFor a particular gene, homozygous dominant AA and heterozygous Aa individuals produce green pigment, while homozygous recessive aa individuals produce yellow pigment. During the course of your research you discover the a1 allele that contains a class IlI transposon insertion. Allele A is dominant to a1. Which genotype is capable of producing a mixture of green and yellow pigment?arrow_forwardName the physical expression of genes in an individual.arrow_forward
- Discuss the following types of mutations, with reference to specific genetic disorders: i) Chromosomal deletion; ii) Reciprocal translocation; and iii) Haploinsufficiencyarrow_forwardDescribe the two-step process that results in geneexpression.arrow_forwardDescribe the Central Dogma of molecular genetics and the three processes that drive the flow of genetic information in an organism.arrow_forward
- Explain the significance of “jumping genes.”arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between linked genes and syntenic genes? Are syntenic genes always linked? Are linked genes always syntenic? Describe what is meant by each termarrow_forwarddescribe two blotting methods (i.e., Northern blottingand Western blotting) used to detect gene products. Northern blotting detects RNA and Western blotting detects proteins. Supposethat a female fruit fly is heterozygous for a maternal effect gene,which we will call gene B. The female is Bb. The normal allele, B,encodes a functional mRNA that is 550 nucleotides long. A recessive allele, b, encodes a shorter mRNA that is 375 nucleotideslong. (Allele b is due to a deletion within this gene.) How couldyou use one or more of these techniques to show that nurse cellstransfer gene products from gene B to developing oocytes? Youmay assume that you can dissect the ovaries of fruit flies and isolate oocytes separately from nurse cells. In your answer, describeyour expected results.arrow_forward
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