Phenylalanine 3' Third base of Baso in anticodon can be: U, I, xm5s?U, xm Um, Um, xm*U, xo°U, k?c MRNA codon: AAG A, G, U, I, xoU :Wobble position С, Д U, хо*U 13' G, A, I (a) Location of wobble position (b) Revised wobble rules
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The wobble rules for tRNA-mRNA pairing are shown. If we assume that the tRNAs do not containmodified bases, what is the minimum number of tRNAs needed to recognize the codons for the following types of amino acids?
A. Leucine
B. Methionine
C. Serine
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- RNA codon table 2nd position A 1st U 3rd position position U Phe Phe Leu Leu Leu Leu C Leu Leu Ser Ser Ser Ser Cys Сys stop Тyr Тyr U stop Trp stop Pro Pro Pro Pro His His Gln Gln Arg Arg Arg Arg lle lle lle Met Thr Thr Thr Thr Asn Asn Lys Lýs Ser Ser Arg Arg Gly Glý Glý Glý A Val Ala Ala Ala Ala Asp Asp Glu Glu Val G Val Val Amino Acids Ala: Alanine Arg: Arginine Asn: Asparagine Asp:Aspartic acid Cys:Cysteine Gin: Glutamine Glu: Glutamic acid Lys: Lysine Gly: Glycine His: Histidine le: Isoleucine Ser: Serine Thr: Threonine Trp: Tryptophane Leu: Leucine Met: Methionine Phe: Phenylalanine Tyr: Tyrosisne Pro: Proline Val: Valine This figure shows the for translating each genetic codon in into an Four "special" codons are the codon: AUG ant the three codons: UAA, UAG, and UGA. The specification of a single amino acid by multiple similar codons is called believed to be a cellular mechanism to the negative impact of random TRUE or FALSE : Each species uses its own genetic code for protein…5'-TAGCTGATCGAATATGCGGTCTCTATCTTCGTAGACGA-3' 3'-ATCGACTAGCTTATACGCCAGAGATAGAAGCATCTGCT -5' Determine the amino acids that will be encoded by this sequence Second letter First letter U C A G U UUU Phe UUC UUA UUG Leu CUU CUC CUA CUG Leu GUU GUC GUA GUG Val UCU UCC UCA UCGJ AUU AUC lle AUA ACA AUG Met ACG CCU CCC C CCA CCG ACU ACC GCU GCC GCA GCG Ser - Pro Thr Ala A UGU UACTyr Cys UGC. UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp G CAC His CAA Gin CAG GAUT GAC Asp GAA AAU Asn ACC Ser AGU AAG LYS AA Glu GAGJ Oa. N-Met-Arg - Ser-Leu-Ser - Ser-C Ob. N-Met-Pro-Arg - Asn-Asp - Ser-C d. N-Met-Lys - Val-Glu-Ala-C Oc. N-Asp-Pro-Lys - Ser - Val-Ile-C Oe. N- Met-Ala-Asp-Pro-Lys - Ser-C G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG. GGU GGC GGA GGG Arg SCAO Gly U UCAG UUA DUAG Arg G Third letter 13Given the following codons and their corresponding amino acids: UUU-Phenylalanine GAA- Glutamate CAA- Glutamine AAU- Asparagine AAC- Asn AAA- Lysine UCU- Serine GGA-Glycine ACC-Threonine AUG- Met/ START codon CCU- Proline GUU- Valine UAU-Tyrosine UAA- STOP AGG- Arginine AUU- Isoleucine CAU- Histidine GCU- Alanine UGU-Cysteir GAU-Asparti CUA-Leucine UGG-Tryptol CGU-Arginin Box 1: Show the mRNA sequence which codes for the short peptide, lys-ala-phe- leu. Include what should come before and after this short message. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 2: Show the tRNA anticodon sequence that would line up with the mRNA strand from Box 1. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 3 & 4: Show the DNA base sequence that would be found in the DNA double helix which carries the gene for this peptide. Give the coding strand sequence in Box 3 and template strand sequence in Box 4. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 5: What if there was a frameshift at leucine…
- 5' UGG CAA UCC UAC GAU 3' - 1. Here is the MRNA sequence from a section of a gene (it is the middle of the sequence, so it has no AUG). What is the template sequence of this gene? - 2. Are any of these codons in the MRNA non-degenerate? If so, indicate which one. e 3. 4 a) Translate this mRNA section. Give the 3 letter codes for the amino acids. b) Indicate on the peptide which is the C terminus and which is the N terminus. e 4. Is it possible for a single base pair substitution to cause a truncation in this peptide? If so, e explain how. e 5. Write out the sequence of the anticodon in the tRNA that would bind to the fourth codon in the e MRNA. e 6. Write out a possible miRNA that could regulate the expression of this genea) b) Shown below is a DNA sequence that encodes for a section of a protein. Please write the amino acid sequence using the three letter codes for this section. 5' ATG ACT CTC TCC TGG GGC ATC CGA TAA 3' What would the second codon be changed to if it was both a silent mutation and a transition mutation? Please write an anticodon in 5' to 3' direction that would recognize both the original second codon and the mutated second codon.Write the amino acid for the codons below 5'-AUG UUC CAG CUA GAU GAU AUG CUG GUA AUU GGG GAA CGC GCG CGG UAA-3'
- The following RNA: 5' AUGAUAACACUCGUACCUUAAUGU3' in the 5'-3'frame will betranslated into a peptide (use the table): Second letter A U G UAU Tyr UUC (F) UcC Ser UAC (Y) UCA (S)UAA Stop UUU Phe UCU UGU Cys UGC (Č) UUA Leu UGA Stop A UUG (L) UCG UAG Stop UGG Trp G (W) CUU CCU CAU His CGU CUC CCC Pro CÁC (H) CGC Leu САА GIn Arg CGA (R) CUA (L) A (P) CUG CCG CAG (Q) CGG AUU ACU AAU Asn AGU Ser Ile ACC (1) ACA (T) AAA AAC (N) AGC (S) AUC A AUA Thr AGA Arg Lys A AUG Met ACG (М) AAG (K) AGG (R) G GUU GAU Asp GCU GGU GCC Ala GUC Val G GUA (V) GCA (A) GAA Glu GAC (D) GGC Gly GGA (G) GUG GCG GAG (E) GGG G TLRECYH OA MITLVP Stop C OB IKVRLS MITLVP OD. First letter Third letter5'- ATTGTGATATGGCCACCTGCCACCTGGAGAGCAGCT GATTAG-3' What oligopeptide is encoded by the above sequence? Please use the one-letter code for your answers. (You will need to consult the Table of the Genetic Code for this question) 1st letter UUU Phe UCU UCC Leu UCA UCG U UUC UUA UUG CUU C CUC CUA CUG AUU A AUC AUA AUG U GUU G GUC GUA GUG CCU Leu CCC CCA CCG ACU lle ACC ACA Met ACG GCU Val GCC GCA GCG с Second Letter Ser Pro Thr Ala UAU UAC A | AAU AAC AAA AAG GAU GAC GAA GAG Tyr CAU CAC CAA Gin CAG 1 UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp G His Lys UGU UGC Asp Glu G 3rd Asn AGU Ser U letter AGC AGA AGG Cys U CGU CGC Arg CGA CGG GGU GGC GGA GGG DCAG DUAG DUCAG Arg Gly UCAGAUU Isoleucine ACU AAU Asparagine AGU Serine U AUC Ile ACC |Threonine AAC AAA AAG Asn AGC Ser |AUA Methionine Lysine Lys AGA Arginine Arg ACA Thr A Met ACG AGG AUG Initiation codon GAU Aspartic acid GAC GCU GCC Alanine GCA GCG GUU GGU GỤC Asp GGC Glycine C G |GUA GUG Valine Val GAA Glutamic acid GAG Ala GGA Gly A Glu GGG G (a) What amino acid will a tRNA be carrying if its anticodon is GGG? Enter its 3-letter code. (b) What amino acid will a tRNA be carrying if its anticodon is UCC? Enter its 3-letter code. (c) What amino acid will a tRNA be carrying if its anticodon is UAU? Enter its 3-letter code. First letter ( Third letter
- AGUCAGUCAG The codon chart is shown below, what amino acid sequence does the MRNA sequence: 3' UUUCCUCAA 5' code for? RNA Codon Chart 31 Alanine G U A Tyrosine Stop Valine A G Cysteine U 3' U G Stop G Tryptophan 3' G 5' Arginine G U A Leucine Serine A Lysine A U Proline G Asparagine leucine-threonine-glutamic acid asparagine-serine-phenylalanine serine-histidine-glutamine phenylalanine-proline-histidine phenylalanine-proline-glutamine Serine Glutamic acid Aspartic acid Histidine Glutamine Arginine Isoleucine 2 Threonine Methionine QA) Based on the mRNA sequence below, provide the corresponding DNA template (5'-3') and protein sequences (N-C terminus) using the single letter abbreviations for each 5' GCA UAU CCU UGU GAU 3' B) Identify the two unique amino acids in the protein sequence above, provide their full names and brief explanation why you chose them C) Draw the two amino acids from 3. connected with a peptide bond to each other (with free amino and carboxy termini) at physiological pH|From this overall anticodon sequence in tRNA, 3'-CAUCGGAAUAGAUCGCUAGUGGCAGGCAUAAUGAUCACCGGUCUGAGAAAAGUGGUACAUAUCAAC-5' What is the amino acid sequence that will be coded for using ONE-letter amino acid code starting from N-terminus to C-terminus and using THREE-letter amino acid code starting from N-terminus to C-terminus