Chapter 7, Problem 62A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of the Ar (argon) atom.

Concept Introduction: The arrangement of electrons within an atom's orbitals can be known as its electronic configuration. The atomic number is equal to the count of protons in every neutral atom.

Answer to Problem 62A

The electronic configuration of the Ar is ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of Ar(argon) atom =18.
• The electronic configuration of Ar = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of chloride ions.

Concept Introduction: An ion with a negative charge is referred to as an anion. An anion is produced by adding one, two, or maybe more electrons to the atom.

Answer to Problem 62A

The electronic configuration of the ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ ion will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of $\text{Cl}$(chlorine)atom =17.
• After gaining one electron, the number of electrons in $\text{Cl}$ atom = $17+1=18$
• The electronic configuration of ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of the ${\text{S}}^{\text{2-}}$ .

Concept Introduction: The positive-charged ions are referred to as cations. A cation is produced when an atom loses one or more electrons from its outermost orbital.

Answer to Problem 62A

The electronic configuration of the ${\text{S}}^{\text{2-}}$ ion will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of S (sulphur) atom =16.
• After gaining two electrons, the number of electrons in sulphur atom = $16+2=18$
• The electronic configuration of ${\text{S}}^{\text{2-}}$ = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of the ${\text{P}}^{\text{3-}}$ .

Concept Introduction: The ions with a positive charge could be known as cations. When an atom loses one or maybe more electrons from its outermost orbit, a cation can be created.

Answer to Problem 62A

The electronic configuration of the ${\text{P}}^{\text{3-}}$ ion will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of P(phosphorous) atom =15.
• After gaining three electrons, the number of electrons in P atom = $15+3=18$
• The electronic configuration of ${\text{P}}^{\text{3-}}$ = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}$