Chapter 7, Problem 60A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of $+3$ cation of chromium.

Concept Introduction: The placement of electrons inside orbitals around a nuclear nucleus is known as electronic configuration, also known as electronic structure, as well as electron configuration.

Answer to Problem 60A

The electronic configuration of the chromium cation ( ${\text{Cr}}^{\text{3+}}$ ) will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^6{\text{3d}}^3$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of chromium atom = $24$
• After losing three electrons, the number of electrons in chromium atom = $24-3=21$
• The electronic configuration of ( ${\text{Cr}}^{\text{3+}}$ ) = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^6{\text{3d}}^3$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of $+3$ cation of manganese.

Concept Introduction: The placement of electrons inside orbitals around a nuclear nucleus is known as electronic configuration, also known as electronic structure as well as electron configuration.

Answer to Problem 60A

The electronic configuration of manganese ion ( ${\text{Mn}}^{\text{3+}}$ ) will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^4$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of manganese atom = 25
• After losing three electrons, the number of electrons in the manganese atom = $25-3=22$
• The electronic configuration of manganese ion ( ${\text{Mn}}^{\text{3+}}$ ) = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^4$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electronic configuration of $+3$ cation of ion.

Concept Introduction: The placement of electrons inside orbitals around a nuclear nucleus is known as electronic configuration, also known as electronic structure as well as electron configuration.

Answer to Problem 60A

The electronic configuration of iron cation ${\text{(Fe}}^{\text{3+}}\text{)}$ will be ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^2{\text{3p}}^6{\text{3d}}^5$ .

Explanation of Solution

• The atomic number of iron (Fe) atom = 26
• After losing three electrons, the number of electrons in an iron atom = $26-3=23$
• The electronic configuration of iron cation ${\text{(Fe}}^{\text{3+}}\text{)}$ = ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^2{\text{3p}}^6{\text{3d}}^5$ .