Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781464183959
Author: Peter Atkins, Loretta Jones, Leroy Laverman
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 3, Problem 3D.6E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Time period required for CO to effuse has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Effusion is explained as movement of the gas molecule through small hole.

Diffusion can be explained as when one gas molecule mix with another gas molecule by random motion.

Graham’s law of effusion gives relation of rate of effusion with molar mass. Rate of effusion and square root of molar mass are inversely related. The mathematical expression is as follows:

  Effusion rate of AEffusion rate of B=MBMA

Here,

MB is molar mass of gas B.

MA is molar mass of gas A.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3D.6E

Time period required for CO to effuse is 73.2 s.

Explanation of Solution

The expression for molar masses of CO and Ne gases and their time for effusion is as follows:

  Time for CO to effuseTime for Ne to effuse=MCOMNe        (1)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate value of time for CO to effuse.

  Time for CO to effuse=(Time for Ne to effuse)(MCOMNe)        (2)

Substitute 28.01 g/mol for MCO, 20.18 g/mol for MNe, and 62.1 s for time for Ne to effuse in equation (2).

  Time for CO to effuse=(62.1 s)(28.01 g/mol20.18 g/mol)73.2 s

Hence, time period required for CO to effuse is 73.2 s.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Time period required for NH3 to effuse has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3D.6E

Time period required for NH3 to effuse is 57.0 s.

Explanation of Solution

The expression for molar masses of NH3 and Ne gases and their time for effusion is as follows:

  Time for NH3 to effuseTime for Ne to effuse=MNH3MNe        (3)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate value of time for NH3 to effuse.

  Time for NH3 to effuse=(Time for Ne to effuse)(MNH3MNe)        (4)

Substitute 17.03 g/mol for MNH3, 20.18 g/mol for MNe, and 62.1 s for time for Ne to effuse in equation (2).

  Time for NH3 to effuse=(62.1 s)(17.03 g/mol20.18 g/mol)57.0 s

Hence time period required for NH3 to effuse is 57.0 s.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Time period required for Kr to effuse has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3D.6E

Time period required for Kr to effuse is 127 s.

Explanation of Solution

The expression for molar masses of Kr and Ne gases and their time for effusion is as follows:

  Time for Kr to effuseTime for Ne to effuse=MKrMNe        (5)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate value of time for Kr to effuse.

  Time for Kr to effuse=(Time for Ne to effuse)(MKrMNe)        (6)

Substitute 83.80 g/mol for MKr, 20.18 g/mol for MNe, and 62.1 s for time for Ne to effuse in equation (2).

  Time for Kr to effuse=(62.1 s)(83.80 g/mol20.18 g/mol)127 s

Hence time period required for Kr to effuse is 127 s.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Time period required for NO to effuse has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3D.6E

Time period required for NO to effuse is 75.7 s.

Explanation of Solution

The expression for molar masses of NO and Ne gases and their time for effusion is as follows:

  Time for NO to effuseTime for Ne to effuse=MNOMNe        (7)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate value of time for NO to effuse.

  Time for NO to effuse=(Time for Ne to effuse)(MNOMNe)        (8)

Substitute 30.01 g/mol for MNO, 20.18 g/mol for MNe, and 62.1 s for time for Ne to effuse in equation (2).

  Time for NO to effuse=(62.1 s)(30.01 g/mol20.18 g/mol)75.7 s

Hence time period required for NO to effuse is 75.7 s.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight

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