Interpretation:
Each of the given molecules is to be classified as alcohol, aldehyde, ketone,
Concept introduction:
Alcohols are the organic compounds thatcontain
Carboxylic acids are the organic compounds thatcontain
Esters are theorganic compounds thatcontain
Amides are the organic compounds thatcontain
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Chemistry
- Butanone is a four carbon compound with the functional group:(a) carboxylic acid(b) aldehyde(c) ketone(d) alcoholarrow_forwardWrite an equation for each of the following reactions. Use molecular and structural formulas and classify the reaction as combustion, addition, substitution, hydrogenation, or hydration. (a) Octane burns with oxygen gas (b) 2-methyl-1-pentene reacts with hydrogen.arrow_forwardDraw structures for the following compounds. Show all of the hydrogen atoms in the molecules. (a) ethanol (b) 2-propanol (c) 2-ethyl-5-methylcyclohexanolarrow_forward
- TRUE OR FALSE (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one —OH group, a secondary alcohol has two —OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three —OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic…arrow_forwardFor each of the following molecules, please name the main functional group present: (a) O (b) O (c) OH ║ ║ │ CH3-C-CH2CH3 CH3-C- OCH3 CH3-CH2-CH2arrow_forwardGive the IUPAC names of structures containing two carbon atoms for the following classes of compounds: (a) ether: (b) aldehyde: (c) carboxylic acid: (d) ester:arrow_forward
- Identify which of the following statement(s) is/are true. (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one -OH group, a secondary alcohol has two -OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three -OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N.arrow_forwardA certain hydrocarbon has a molecular formula of C5H8. Which of the following is not a structural possibility for this hydrocarbon: (d) It contains an alkyne O It contains one ring and one double bond (c) It contains two double bonds and no rings O (b) It contains one ring and no double bondsarrow_forward(b) Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names. (a) 3,4-Dimethylnonane (c) 2,2-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane (d) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (b) 3-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylheptanearrow_forward
- Identify and classify the functional group in each of the following molecules. (a) CH,CH CCH alkane (b) H3C C-0-CH ester (c) CH,CH2NH2 alkyne (d) H;C CH2 CH, ketone (e) CH,CH OCH,CH, ester OH (f) H,C -CH CH, ester (g) CH,CO,H carboxylic acid v (h) CH,CH,CH=CH2 alcohol (i) H,C alkynearrow_forwardWrite two complete, balanced equations for each of the following reactions, one using condensed formulas and one using Lewis structures:(a) ethanol reacts with propionic acid(b) benzoic acid, C6H5CO2H, is added to a solution of sodium hydroxidearrow_forwardWrite a condensed structural formula, such as CH3CH3, and describe the molecular geometry at each carbon atom.(a) 2-propanol(b) acetone(c) dimethyl ether(d) acetic acid(e) 3-methyl-1-hexenearrow_forward
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