Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The structural formulas for given compounds are to be written.
Concept introduction:
The longest chain is termed as the parent chain, which is then numbered from the end that the substituted carbons get a lower number. The name and number of substituents are then prefixed to the name of the parent chain.
In chemical nomenclature, the
The parent chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms.
The parent chain is numbered from that end which is closest to the substituent.
If the same substituent occurs more than once, the location of each point on which the substituent occurs is given.
If there are two or more different substituents they are listed in alphabetical order using the base name
The name of the
A structural formula is the formula thatprovides an insight into the structure of the compound. It shows all the substituents and
The structure can be easily written from the systematic name. The parent chain is at first drawn and numbered from any end.
Thereafter, the name is written thatincludes the name and the number of substituents. The substituents are written with their number in alphabetical order followed by the name of the parent chain and the functional group as a suffix.
The suffix –olis used for the alcohol group.
The suffix –al is used for the aldehyde group.
The suffix –one is used for the ketone group.
The –e ending of an alkane is replaced by –amine for amine functional group.
The suffix amide is then added for the amide group.
The suffix -oate is used for the ester.
Functional groups are specific substituent within the molecules that are responsible for the characteristic
Esters are the organic compounds thatcontain
Alcohols are the organic compounds thatcontain
Amides are the organic compounds thatcontain
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 25 Solutions
Chemistry
- Give the structural formulae and name the functional groups of the following compounds. (a) 3-chlorobut-1-ene Name the functional group: (b) butanedioic acid Name the functional group: (c) propanamide Name the functional group: (d) 3-methylbutanal Name the functional group:arrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for the following compounds (includes both old- and new-style names).(a) 2-octyne (b) ethylisopentylacetylene (c) ethynylbenzenearrow_forwardWrite a condensed structural formula for each of the following:(a) an acid with the formula C4H8O2, (b) a cyclicketone with the formula C5H8O, (c) a dihydroxy compoundwith the formula C3H8O2, (d) a cyclic ester with theformula C5H8O2.arrow_forward
- Write structural formulas for the following compounds.(a) ethyl isopropyl ether (b) di-n-butyl etherarrow_forwardDraw the condensed formulas for each of the following compounds:(a) dipropyl ether(b) 2,2-dimethyl-3-hexanol(c) 2-ethoxybutanearrow_forwardWhich of the following describes a chemical property of methanol? (A) It is a colorless liquid; (B) It is a flammable liquid; (C) It is a volatile liquid; (D) It has a low boiling point;arrow_forward
- Write the condensed structural formula for each of thefollowing compounds: (a) 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, (b) methylphenyl ketone, (c) para-bromobenzoic acid, (d) butyl ethylether, (e) N,N-dimethylbenzamide.arrow_forwardDraw complete structural diagrams of the following compounds. (a) 2-methyl,pent-2-ene (b) propyne (c) 2,3-dimethyl butane (d) cycloheptanearrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for the following compounds (includes both old- and new-style names).(a) 2-octyne (b) ethylisopentylacetylenearrow_forward
- The following are incorrect names. Draw the compound and name it correct. (a) 1-chloro-2-bromopropane (b) 2,2-diethylbutanearrow_forwardDraw the condensed structure of the compounds formedby condensation reactions between (a) benzoic acid andethanol, (b) ethanoic acid and methylamine, (c) acetic acidand phenol. Name the compound in each case.arrow_forward5. Give the structural formulae and name the functional groups of the following compounds. (a) 3-chlorobut-1-ene (b) butanedioic acid Name the functional group: (c) propanamide Name the functional group: (d) 3-methylbutanal Name the functional group: Name the functional group:arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY