Chapter 24.5, Problem 31LC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Types of gene mutations are to be described.

Concept introduction: When the DNA sequence of a gene is altered to generate a different result, this is known as "gene mutation." The DNA sequence of that gene is permanently altered. Human evolution, which is the process of change across generations, depends on genetic variation.

Answer to Problem 31LC

Gene mutations are any changes in the sequence of the DNA molecule that involve the addition, deletion, or substitution of one or more nucleotides.

Explanation of Solution

An infection with a virus, exposure to mutagens, or errors in DNA replication during cell division can cause mutations. Substitution, deletion, and addition are the three types of gene mutations.

Three types of gene mutation are as follows:

• A substitution produces a codon that specifies a different amino acid, which results in a different polypeptide sequence.
• In deletion, one or more base pairs in the DNA can be deleted, which can lead to a gene mutation.
• The addition is a form of mutation in which one or more nucleotides are added to a DNA sequence.

Conclusion

Gene mutations are any changes in the sequence of the DNA molecule that involve the addition, deletion, or substitution of one or more nucleotides.